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What will happen when you read if you have poor eye movement?Reading is a very complex task, and it is more surprising that most of us can read than that some people cannot master this skill.As we learn more about the reading process, research reveals information that helps guide how to help individual students/patients.However, research also makes the diagnosis and management of reading problems more challenging because it reveals that reading is more complex than it used to be understood.If you and/or your child have a similar problem, see a developmental optometrist as soon as possible.

The eyes work together as a team to provide one single image to the brain (called binocular vision), but some conditions can affect the way that the visual system works. One of those conditions is called exophoria.
Exophoria is an outward turn or deviation of the eye that only occurs some of the time. Exophoric eyes usually work together to see images clearly, but one eye may drift outward if binocular vision is disrupted and the eyes are not looking at the same object. The condition can be detected through a series of tests performed by an eye doctor. It’s treatable, though some cases may not require treatment.
Like other eye coordination disorders, exophoria can be caused by factors such as weak eye muscles or underdeveloped eye coordination skills. In more rare cases, eye injuries and diseases can trigger a misalignment in the eyes. Since many cases of exophoria are related to eye muscle development, it’s important to monitor your child’s vision development so that any problems can be corrected early on. It is recommended that an infant has his or her first eye exam with a pediatric optometrist or pediatric ophthalmologist at 6 months of age.

Amblyopia, also referred to by the public as "lazy eye", is a unilateral or infrequently bilateral condition in which the best corrected visual acuity is poorer than 20/20 in the absence of any obvious structural anomalies or ocular disease.The evaluation of a patient with amblyopia may include, but is not limited to, the following areas.1. Patient History2. Ocular Examinationa. Visual Acuityb. Refractionc. Monocular Fixationd. Ocular Motor Deviatione. Sensorimotor Fusionf. Accommodationg. Ocular Motilityh. Ocular Health Assessment and Systemic Health Screeningi. Supplemental Testing

Amblyopia, a serious neurodevelopmental vision problem, causes vision loss in approximately 2-4% of the population. Neuroscience research has found that amblyopia is caused by the failure of binocular vision development, usually in infancy or early childhood

When damage to the binocular visual system occurs at a younger age, a neurological adaptation called inhibition occurs where signals from one eye are blocked by the brain to avoid blurring or double vision.
Due to the failure of binocular vision development, there is a series of delays in visual function.
Patients may experience the following symptoms:
➤ Decreased vision in one eye
➤ Reduced or no stereo vision
➤ Insufficient glance function
➤ Poor processing of visual information
➤ Poor hand-eye coordination

When you reach the school age, you do not necessarily have the corresponding learning ability.
We now know that most 6-year-olds have not yet fully acquired the coordination and neuromuscular control necessary for advanced learning tasks. Eye movement skills, physical maturation of visual mechanisms, and integration of vision, hearing, and language are essential to the ultimate success of reading tasks!

But for most children in the first grade of primary school, they have not yet fully mastered these abilities. The free "play as you like" preschool stage does not provide children with the skills they need to read.

Most children do learn to read, so when a child reaches school age, it is taken for granted that a child is capable of reading. Years of research on children by child psychologists, educators, and optometrists have taught us much about the skills needed to observe and read.

When people realize that DOG, the dog, the symbol, has nothing to do with a furry, drooping-eared, four-legged animal, they begin to realize that the child is memorizing letters or combinations of Chinese characters. difficulties that may be encountered. Learning to recognize and read letter (Chinese character) combinations in a primer can be a daunting task for children. But amazingly, the kids did it!

In fact, the process of learning to read begins at an early age. The skills for distinguishing between "mother" and "father" for native English speakers are the same as for "on" and "in", "then" and "than", and many other similar letter combinations.

For our Chinese, in the process of learning Chinese, children are able to distinguish between "mother" and "daddy", and the ability to distinguish between "sun", "yue", "month" and "bright". This requires a high level of cooperation between the eyes and the brain.

Adult lazy eye treatment
For many years it was believed that amblyopia was only treatable in children, often those who are 10 years of age or younger. However, this isn’t necessarily the case. While every patient is different, many adults can see results from amblyopia treatment.

The visual system which consists of the brain, eyes, and visual pathways, can be retrained due to the brain’s plasticity.

Lazy eye and vision therapy
Vision therapy is an effective treatment method for amblyopia. It has been shown to greatly improve the visual skills of the lazy eye by re-training the visual system.

Through vision therapy, the two eyes will be trained to work together to achieve clear and comfortable binocular vision.

Some vision therapy programs that treat amblyopia work to improve these visual skills:

Accommodation (focusing)
Fixation (visual gaze)
Pursuits (eye tracking)
Saccades (switching eye focus, “eye jumps”)
Spatial skills (eye-hand coordination)
Stereopsis (3-D vision)

Suppression is common in patients with amblyopia and strabismus (lazy eye).
Suppression essentially refers to the brain ignoring the visual signal provided by one eye. Let's start with a normal pair of eyes. When the eyes are aligned and pointing towards the same object in space and have an equally clear image, the brain uses small cues to determine the depth, size, shape, etc. of the object and combines the images of each eye together to see.

If one eye has a very blurry image (amblyopia, specifically refractive amblyopia due to an unequal glasses prescription) the brain struggles to combine the images of each eye together into a single image. To compensate, the brain suppresses or ignores visual input from the blurry eye. This same concept occurs if one eye is turned (strabismus or squint). In this example, the brain sees multiple images, which would be confusing. Again, the brain suppresses (ignores) visual input from the deviating eye and utilizes input from the fixating eye.

Vision therapy is sometimes called visual therapy, vision therapy training, visual training or simply VT.

Vision therapy can correct vision problems that interfere with efficient reading.

Another name often associated with vision therapy is "orthoptics." This term, which literally means "straightening the eyes," dates back to the 1850s. However, it is limited to techniques for training eye muscles for the purpose of cosmetically straightening eyes that are misaligned (vision therapy for strabismus) and binocular vision therapy.

Medical specialists do not know what causes amblyopia. Eye doctors suggest that vision problems in one eye may be responsible.

For example, if your child develops cataracts (cloudy lens) in only one eye, their brain may rely more on the stronger eye to recognize sight. Amblyopia can develop gradually as a result.

Other potential causes or predisposing factors for lazy eye in kids include:

Genetics (parents who have had lazy eye)
Premature birth
Smaller-than-average babies at birth
Severe nearsightedness or farsightedness (lazy eye may be avoided by treating these refractive errors early)
Corneal problems
Crossed eyes
Developmental abnormalities

Five BVD triggers to avoid. The effects of binocular vision dysfunction can manifest at any time. Understanding this can help you avoid a lot of uncertainty and stress. Thus, you need to understand the things that can trigger BVD and learn how to avoid them. The five most common triggers of this condition include:

1. Driving Around Bends And Curves
This can lead to anxiety, nausea, dizziness, and sometimes full-scale panic attacks, making traveling difficult and dangerous.

2. Standing Up Quickly
The quick motion involved causes them to lose their bearing, causing light-headedness.

3. Moving Your Head From Side To Side Or Up And Down
Abrupt side to side, up and down head movement can trigger dizziness.

4. Driving With Vehicles Speeding Past On Either Side
This often causes the driver to experience dizziness.

5. Large, Loud, And Busy Spaces
The brain finds it hard to process what one sees because of an overload of visual stimulation, causing dizziness.

If possible, stay away from these situations.

Are you suffering from any of these symptoms: dizziness, lightheadedness, vertigo, motion sickness, anxiety in large crowds or open spaces, panic attacks while driving, neck tension, stiff shoulders, headaches, or migraine?

There is a questionnaire from THE DIZZINESS AND HEADACHE OPTOMETRY CENTER that may help you.

ADULT QUESTIONNAIRE: https://www.dizzinessandheadache.com/adult-bvdq.html (For individuals 14 years of age and older)

YOUTH QUESTIONNAIRE: https://www.dizzinessandheadache.com/child-bvdq.html (For individuals 13 years of age and younger)

Vision therapy” is a term used by optometrists. Optometrists define vision therapy as an attempt to develop or improve visual skills and abilities; improve visual comfort, ease, and efficiency; and change visual processing or interpretation of visual information. An optometric vision therapy program consists of supervised in-office and at home reinforcement exercises performed over weeks to months. In addition to exercises, lenses (“training glasses”), prisms, filters, patches, electronic targets, or balance boards may be used.

In fact, even though patching for amblyopia has been around for 300 years, it is still touted on many notable sources to be the treatment of choice for amblyopia.

Clinical trials have shown a moderate amount of improvements in the visual acuity function of the amblyopic eye with occlusion therapy. However, visual acuity gains often regress when the treatment ends, and more importantly, patching does not repair the broken binocular visual system which is the underlying cause for patient's amblyopia.

Patching only re-enforces the failure of binocular vision. Therefore, 3-D, depth perception, ie stereo acuity, which is a measure of the quality of binocular vision, is ignored when a patient is sent home to wear an eye patch.

Effective amblyopia treatment must include the vision rehabilitation of visual processing, oculomotor/saccadic eye movement, eye-hand coordination.

The progress in vision rehabilitation should be measured not just based on visual acuity, but also stereo acuity and specific tests of visual processing and eye-hand coordination.

Amblyopia, a serious neurodevelopmental vision problem, causes vision loss in approximately 2-4% of the population.

Neuroscience research has found that amblyopia is the result of a failure of binocular vision development and usually occurs in infants or young children.

When damage to the binocular visual system occurs at a young age, a neurological adaptation called suppression occurs where signals from one eye areshielded by the brain to avoid blurring or double vision.

Due to failure of binocular vision development, a series of delays in visual function appear.Patients may exhibit the following symptoms:
1.Reduced acuity in one eye
2.Reduced stereopsis or no stereopsis
3.Insufficient saccade
4.Poor visual information processing
5.Low hand-eye coordination

Thus, the visual problems caused by amblyopia are much more complex than monocular vision, and professionals and the public still need to raise awareness of amblyopia management.

THERAPY CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED:
monocularly
binocularly
under conditions of anti-suppression

What will happen when you are reading?
If you have poor eye movement, your eyes don't move in a straight line from left to right, word to word, while you're reading. It's just the way your brain makes you feel.
Eye movement research shows that your eyes will move unevenly across the page, occasionally looking back, skipping words, and focusing on another word.
It may affect your performance when reading, studying, and working. You should have an eye movement test, including fixation, saccadic, pursuits.
What will happen when you are reading?
If you have poor eye movement, your eyes don't move in a straight line from left to right, word to word, while you're reading. It's just the way your brain makes you feel.
Eye movement research shows that your eyes will move unevenly across the page, occasionally looking back, skipping words, and focusing on another word.
It may affect your performance when reading, studying, and working. You should have an eye movement test, including fixation, saccadic, pursuits.

Polarized reading bars are Superb tools for amblyopia or strabismus.
It is thin and portable. You can use it whenever you want.

It affects decision-making, it affects reading, it affects attention, it affects employment

Easy Amblyopia Treatment

How to treat amblyopia easily and simply?
We just need to prepare an eye patch and some toys. These are the toys that they can see, starting with large, simple, colorful toys.

Creative Color Cubes is a very good toy.
a.) Occlude the lazy eye.
b.) Follow the cards to assemble the blocks.
c.) Imagine creating some patterns.

Creative Color Cubes can help to improve the following function :
· Patterns and Sequences
· Spatial Reasoning and Logic
· Visual Perception
· Geometric Concepts

You never know how important vision is👀

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Vision therapy is designed to teach the child how the brain controls the eyes, to improve their visual skills and how to apply these new skills to improve reading, learning, concentration and attention.

Vision therapy is a fully customized and personalized treatment program designed to improve and strengthen visual skills, and re-train the child’s visual system to interpret visual input with increased accuracy and ease.

Vision therapy is more than just simple eye exercises — it improves brain-eye communication and the effective operating of the child’s visual system.

While reading this article, you can try to feel how your eyes are reading in the same way. We don't need to move our head, we can rely on eye movements alone to complete the process of jumping from one word to the next, from the end of a line to the beginning of the next line quickly, relying on the smooth sweeping eye movements.
Humans use different types of eye movements to attract and hold objects of interest to us near the central recess, the area of the eye with the best visual acuity. Smooth eye tracking movements help us track moving visual targets. Rapid changes in gaze position are called "sweeps," which allow us to scan various visual scenes. These sweeping movements are interspersed with periods of relative stability called "gaze" during which visual information can be acquired. Imagine that if we do not have access to effective visual information, our visual performance will be affected, including reading performance, and the most likely problems in children are slow reading speed, difficulty in comprehension, and dislike of reading. If your child has these symptoms, be sure to get a checkup as soon as possible.

Eye Movement can help patients develop and strengthen their neurological filters. Effective visual training should strive to help patients understand how to "filter visual information" and integrate useful information into their visual world. Help them "filter" unnecessary information as they develop visual processing skills.
The process of visual filtering occurs in every minute of a person's waking state; however, the goal is always to help patients develop an awareness of filtering, and thus increase the efficiency of the filtering process by enhancing it. By helping patients control and maintain their attention on information they find valuable, they are encouraged to ignore irrelevant information.
Patients should learn visual saccade, visual fpursuit, or visual fixation on one or more targets without being influenced or distracted by superfluous or irrelevant information, such as a noisy classroom or a tablemate furiously scribbling on his desk. Instead, we teach them to focus on the necessary input and use that information to achieve academic or work success.

Fixation, monocular training is performed by gazing at one target at a time, starting with simple levels and gradually equalizing the ability of both eyes. The need for monocular fixation can be reduced or increased by varying the intensity of the stimulus. For example, a six-year-old child with only mild fixation difficulties can practice fixation with a simple target (e.g, a pencil). However, another six-year-old with more severe fixation difficulties may need a stronger stimulus, such as a puppet toy or flashing light.
Once monocular fixation is complete, the next step in treatment should be MFBF. the purpose of MFBF is to provide stimulation to both eyes while emphasizing the use of the weaker eye. When the patient begins binocular fixation training, the visual trainer should use suppression controls to ensure that there is true binocular gaze during gaze. For example, red/green glasses and red-green reading units, or polarized glasses and polarized reading units. During this training, the patient is required to perceive simultaneously in order to see the entire field of view through the filtered glasses.
Pursuit training should begin with a slow-moving visual target and gradually increase the speed of pursuit as the patient's ability improves. When practicing saccades, one should start with two closely spaced visual targets, and as the patient's ability improves, the distance between these visual targets can become larger and larger. During all training, patients should be encouraged to open their peripheral vision and pay attention to their surroundings while continuing to balance their monoculars before MFBF.
As training progresses, the goal should be to increase the degree of persistence, flexibility, and autonomy of eye movements and to integrate these skills with other visual skills and systems (i.e., vestibular and proprioceptive), thereby expanding the use of eye movements.

We need to learn many skills in life, but we always neglect vision. In fact, visual skills are important to our lives. Come learn about 17 visual skills that will help you succeed in reading, learning and sports in life.
The table contains 17 vital visual skills from COVD.

What is eye movement? Eye movement is the movement of the eyes, including fixation, pursuit and saccade.
Fixation, also known as stationary pursuit, is when the eye looks at an object and the object is always located in the central macular recess.The non-perceptual part of fixation is controlled by the occipital lobe, while the perceptual part of fixation occurs mainly in the temporal lobe.
Pursuit, following a moving object. The occipital lobe of the brain is responsible for smooth following.
Saccade, looking quickly and accurately at an object, such as moving the eyes from one set of words to another while reading. Saccade is controlled primarily by the frontal eye area of the brain.
Pursuit and saccade, both require good central concave gaze, but the ability to gaze accurately is not innate, but developed later in life. The ability to gaze steadily is not only the foundation of good vision, but also the backbone of visual perception.

Amblyopia is clinically defined as a difference of two or more lines of best corrected visual acuity between the two eyes on a Snellen acuity chart.
Amblyopia is clinically defined as a difference of two or more lines of best corrected visual acuity between the two eyes on a Snellen acuity chart.
The most common causes of amblyopia are strabismus, anisometropia, and hyperametropia; However, there are other, less common causes of amblyopia. The refractive error of both eyes is very high, and the diopter of both eyes is roughly the same, so that the two eyes cannot form a clear image, or there is unilateral or bilateral astigmatism, which is easy to lead to the occurrence of amblyopia.

The concept of stereoscopic vision

Fine stereovision is the function of macular fovea, which can detect 2"~1200" parallax; So if you see 400" on stereoscopy, you still have fine stereovision.

■ Rough stereoscopic vision is a peripheral function of the retina, which can detect only 0.1°~10° parallax. Our regular stereoscopic examination tools do not involve a rough stereoscopic examination. (The Lang 2 Pencil test mentioned in the previous article on The Examination of Stereovision can be used to check rough stereoscopic vision.)
Local stereovision is performed by fine and rough stereovision, which detects all parallax and produces stereovision for objects visible with one eye.

■ Overall stereo vision is only based on fine stereo vision, in complex parallax images (such as random point stereo map) to produce stereo vision, the image seen by each eye does not have a monocular hint.

Local stereo vision is low, and global stereo vision is high. The processes that produce these two kinds of stereo vision are also completely different. Global stereoscopic vision is more complex and the brain processes more slowly than local stereoscopic vision.

Do you want to treat amblyopia while watching TV shows, playing games or reading books? For amblyopia, it is a problem in the visual center of the brain. And why does amblyopia occur? It is because the two eyes compete, and the good eye is too strong, always suppressing the poor eye all the time, and the poor eye will become weaker and weaker in the long run, until the poor eye actively inhibits.
The key to amblyopia training is Antisuppression training, so that the poor eye can still work with the good eye involved, which serves to increase vision as well as both eyes working together.
One day, I overlooked a plug-in that can be built into Google Chrome, called Antisuppression Reading Bars. in the Google App Store, free download. After loading this plug-in, the screen turns red and green, and with a red and green glasses, you can browse the web while doing Antisuppression training.

Why do the eyes of most animals grow on the left and right sides, while the eyes of humans grow in front? The eyes of animals, such as horses, grow on the sides, which provide a wide field of vision and help them detect danger in time. However, humans have both eyes in front, providing only about 200° of field of view, and most of the field of view is overlapping. Isn't this a waste?
Rather, the mostly overlapping visual fields of the human eyes provide us with an advanced visual function that most animals do not possess - a vast range of stereopsis. When we look at the same object, due to the existence of about 6.5cm spacing between the two eyes, the relative positions of the left and right eyes are different, which makes the images seen by the left and right eyes, there is a slight difference caused by the angle, and both eyes send their images to the brain. The visual center of the brain integrates these two slightly different images to form the three-dimensional stereogram we see with a sense of depth and space. The presence of stereo vision helps us to judge distance, depth, distance and gives us a good sense of space.

Figure A: A clear image can be obtained in both left and right eyes, with little difference in image size, so that normal binocular vision can be formed.

Figure B: When the degree difference between the left and right eyes is large, for example, the degree difference between the two eyes is more than 300 degrees, after wearing glasses, the image size of the two eyes will be different. The large and small input of image information makes it impossible for the brain to integrate binocular information. Over time, the brain gradually inhibits the image from the right eye, and binocular vision cannot be formed.

Figure C: The left eye can form a clear image, while the right eye can not see clearly, which is not conducive to fusion, and will also cause the brain to suppress blurred images, so binocular vision can not be formed.

D: Clear images could not be obtained in both left and right eyes, and normal binocular vision could not be formed due to low vision.

In the BCD picture, the image obtained by the eyes is not clear, and the image size difference between the eyes is too large, which will make our brain abandon the information from the eye. In the long run, the nerve connection between the eye and the brain will become weaker and weaker, and the visual signal from the eye cannot be effectively processed, resulting in amblyopia.

Vision therapy is safe, drug-free, and effective for both children and adults! While visual acuity (the "20/20" part of vision) requires glasses to improve, visual skills such as tracking together along a line of text must be learned during development, these skills can also be improved later in life at any age.

It is estimated that 1 in 10 children have a vision problem severe enough to affect their learning in school, but school vision screenings can miss up to half of these problems. A comprehensive vision exam with a developmental optometrist checks all aspects of eye health, vision, and visual skills, and can ensure you or your child is not struggling unnecessarily with an undiagnosed vision problem.

We all know the definition of amblyopia, which refers to the case where the eye structure does not have any abnormalities, and the patient's vision does not reach the normal visual acuity after wearing glasses. we will talk about what is wrong with amblyopia?
Because of our visual system, we can see the beautiful world.The visual system consists of two parts, the eyes and the visual center of the brain. For children with amblyopia, since there is no problem with the eye structure, the problem must lie in the visual center of the brain. So what's wrong with the visual center of the brain?
In the development period of stereopsis function of brain visual center of infants and young children, due to the interference of abnormal factors, such as monocular cataract, monocular hyperopia, etc, the binocular image difference is too large, resulting in the normal development of brain visual central stereopsis function. Binocular images can not be fused, in order to avoid visual confusion, the brain visual center suppresses the input signal of one eye. Therefore, the real cure of amblyopia is not only the restoration of vision to 1.0, but also the establishment of stereoscopic function in the visual center of the brain.

Amblyopia refers to that in the absence of any abnormality in the eye structure, the patient's vision is still not up to the normal value of vision that should be achieved in this age group after correction by wearing a mirror.
For amblyopia, problems occur in the visual center of the brain. The reason why amblyopia occurs is because of binocular competition. The good eye is too strong and always suppresses the bad eye. In the long run, the bad eye will become weaker and weaker until the bad eye actively inhibits.
The key of amblyopia training is to release inhibition training, so that the poor eye can still work in the case of good eye participation, and play the role of increasing vision and working together with both eyes.