PCB Projects

Stepper motors are also known as step motor or stepping motors. That’s because they divide one full shaft rotation in to a number of equal steps. The stepper motor is known for its property of converting a train of input pulses (typically square waves) into a precisely defined increment in the shaft’s rotational position. Each pulse rotates the shaft through a fixed angle.
We here develop an arduino based stepper motor controller that allows user to control the stepper in 3 different modes:

Full Rotation Mode

Quarter Rotation Mode

Encoder Mode/ Manual Mode

The system makes use of Arduino uno controller along with an LCD Display, NEMA Stepper motor, optical encoder, stepper driver, switches and buttons along with basic electronics component and PCB to develop this system.

Full Rotation Mode:
Switching the system in full rotation mode allows user to control the motor direction without stopping. The motor can now be rotated continuously in clockwise as well as anti clockwise direction using a simple switch button.

Quarter Rotation Mode:
In this mode the stepper motor movement is restricted to quarter of a rotation. When switched in this mode the user can press a red button. On a button press the stepper motor rotates exactly one quarter rotation and stops. Pressing the same button again the motor rotates another quarter starting from the last point at which t stopped.

Encoder Mode/Manual Mode:
This mode gives a full manual control of the stepper motor to the user. When switched in this mode the user can control motor movement using an optical encoder. The optical encoder is fitted with a k**b to help rotate it. When user rotates the k**b the rotation steps are transmitted to the controller and the arduino displays no of steps on an LCD display. Also it uses a stepper driver to rotate the motor step by step respectively as per manual rotation of optical encoder.

Computers have grown to be a vital part of human ecosystem. Mobile phones have also evolved to provide increased computing power and applications over time. Also we have a generation of smart watch era with watches evolving to show fitness data and other details along with time.

Well we hereby take smart watches to the next level by developing a smart watch that is literally a wearable computer. A touch screen based computer that is not at your home, not in your pocket but right on your wrist. It also has an integrated contactless temperature sensor for measuring anyone’s temperature anytime. Also we add a contactless lidar distance sensor to it which also allows user to measure anything anywhere.

The wearable computer provides following features:
• Ability to get the power of a personal computer right on your hand
• Touch display for easy interaction
• Internet connectivity on Smart watch
• Ability to google search from anywhere
• Contactless temperature sensing anywhere
• Contactless and Accurate distance measurement using Lidar

The wearable computer is developed using a Raspberry Pi controller with a battery, touch screen display, lidar sensor, temperature sensor all together mounted in a compact way over wrist strap. This makes a smart, easy to carry wearable computer.

The display is used to interact on the computer. We hereby install linux operating system on a raspberry pi controller. This allows the user to use all linux features including file storage and retrieval, tools and browser on the raspberry Pi. We integrate the touch screen display to allow user to easily interact with windows system. We use internal raspberry pi wifi module to connect with the internet.

Satellites are launched in orbit for a variety of purposes including communication, GPS, Weather imaging and similar applications. Weather imaging satellites are used to transmit data about weather parameters that can be used for prediction and forecasting systems.
So here we develop a demo weather imaging and parameter transmission satellite to transmit weather data for analysis back to the earth. The satellite delivers following functions:

Record and transmit earth weather imaging data

Sense and transmit infrared radiation levels to detect solar winds

Sense and transmit temperature

Self Charge itself using Solar Power

The system makes use of an STM32 controller along with a solar panel, battery for power supply, a magnetometer, infrared sensor, temperature sensor, a camera and 2.4Ghz rf transmitter to develop the satellite. We here develop a basic Cubesat design without an ACDS stabilizer system with more focus towards weather data gathering and transmission part.
The CUBE SAT body is a cubicle shaped frame made of 4 sides. The 4 parts are merged to develop a cube with mounting holes for the controller, sensors, circuit board, solar panels and battery. The solar panels are used to generate energy that is storec in battery using charge controller and charging circuitry.

The battery charging and auto cutoff is managed by circuitry to avoid overcharging and maintain battery health. The magnetometer is used to check orientation of the cubesat. The sensor transmits orientation data to controller. The Temperature sensor is used to measure the orbital temperature. Infrared sensor is mounted on top to help measure the infrared radiation from the sun and detect solar waves/blasts.

Vending machines have long served as an automated dispensing machines that can dispense products on accepting money. Vending machines look simple but have a well designed mechanism behind the scenes that makes vending look so easy.

We here study this mechanism by developing a coin operated cola vending machine with 4 slots. This machine can dispense 4 different types of cola cans which are of different value.
The system makes use of 4 motors, spring coils, a coin detector, lcd display, controller circuitry along with the machine frame to develop a vending machine. The machine will be capable of providing user the choice of selecting the cola, asking for respective price and dispensing the product on detecting the money.

The system consists of 4 slots each having a spring coil specially designed to fit cola cans. Each coil is connected to a motor that is used to rotate the coil on respective product demand.
The machine owner can feed the cola cans into the system by entering a password. Only on entering right password, the owner can open the machine. Once all products are added into the trays the machine is ready for operation.

Once the user approaches the machine he/she can see a list of cola options displayed on the mini LCD display. The user can use the keypad to select the cola needed. On selection the system displays the price of the chosen cola. The user now needs to insert respective coins in the machine as per the amount mentioned. On inserting wrong coins the system returns them. On detecting right amount paid, the system now accepts the payment.

The controller now operates the motor of the respective cola slot to drop the can. Rotating the motor of respective slot, the coil motion pushes the cans outwards until the outermost can falls into the user bin.

Covid19 took humankind by surprise in 2019. Due to its fast and efficiently spreading nature, we were forced to use face masks and gloves to protect from everything we touch. Now SARS-COV-2 is just one of the viruses in Coronavirus family, there are many more viruses in this family that haven’t jumped to humans yet. This pandemic has just given us an indication to be prepared for these types of pandemics.

Well we can use masks to protect us outside but what about the things we bring home from market or things we exchange with other people. For example: We cannot apply sanitizers on cell phones, cash or paperwork paperwork that doctors exchange with patients or employees exchange with each other.

Also sanitizer usage involves use of chemicals that are harmful to us and the environment as well as it involves recurring cost of buying sanitizers. Well we solve this huge problem with a smart electronics system powered by a microcontroller. We design a compact 360 degree disinfection box using ultraviolet sterilization to solve the issue. The system makes use of uv c tubes to achieve this task. Now UV C has been proven to kill all viruses within a matter of seconds

Theo Jansen is a renowned Dutch artist best known for his Strandbeest (Dutch for beach animals). These kinetic sculptures are designed to be a fusion of art and engineering. Inspired from nature and bearing an uncanny resemblance to the movement of animals, these mechanisms are built using an array of triangles and connecting links that convert the rotation of an axle into the stepping motion of six or more limbs. Moreover, since these mechanisms mimic the movement of animals, they are far more efficient compared to wheels when operating in sand and on rough terrain.
Designed to mimic the movement of arachnids, this eight-legged spider robot builds upon the ingenuity of the Theo Jansen Mechanism. This system uses a dual motor setup paired to six gears which in turn actuate the eight legs in synchrony. Its remote-control operation enables the operator to control this robot wirelessly. This system also has four 12v LED indicator lights on either side to signal its direction of movement.

System Features:
• Uses Theo Jansen mechanism to mimic the motion of a spider
• Wheel free Movement
• Dual Motor Mechanism
• Uses 6 Gears to actuate the 8 Legs
• Wireless Remote-Controlled Operation

The spider robot makes use of a kinematic motion that is run by theo jansen linkages. This allows to turn the rotational motion of a DC motor into a step motion that mimics animals. The robot makes use of 2 x DC motors o dive the mechanism. The motors are mounted on 2 opposite sides of the robotic chassis or main frame. The drive produced by the motors are used to drive a gear which in turn is connected to 2 more hears. The 3 gears are used to drive a combination of 8 legs.

During the peak of the Covid-19 Pandemic, healthcare professionals found themselves spread thin among the ever-increasing wave of incoming patients. In such times, it is not possible for frontline workers to monitor and tend to each and every patient personally.
Intravenous therapy is a medical technique used to deliver fluids, medications and nutrition directly into a person’s vein. IV therapy is commonly used for rehydration and to provide nutrients and is crucial to help an individual with making a speedy recovery.
However, IV drips need to be regularly monitored and replaced. The flow of the fluid also needs to be metered depending on the patient and their ailment. This IoT Intravenous Fluid Monitoring uses a weight sensor to detect as the fluid level in the IV Infusion bottle goes down and transmits the data over IoT.
Once the system detects that the bottle has gone empty, it sends an alert over IoT. The IoT Intravenous Fluid Monitoring and Alerting system provides the following advantages:

Automatic IV Bag Monitoring and Alert

Data Logging as well as IOT Online Transmission

Easy to operate

Makes it easier for a single individual to manage multiple patients.

The system makes use of a Weight Sensor with an Atmega microcontroller and Wifi transmitter and LCD display to achieve this functionality. This allows for an automated and robust IV monitoring system.
The Weight Sensor is attached to a small stand. The stand is fabricated with a cross section at bottom to balance it. A small rod stretching from the top allows user to suspend the weight sensor hook on the stand.
The weight sensor is used to measure the weight of empty IV bag at first. This is considered as empty weight. When the IV bag is suspended onto the sensor stand, it keeps on dripping until the fluid runs out.

A barcode is a method of representing data in a visual, machine-readable form. Barcodes are primarily used for inventory management and to maintain track of stock. Barcodes are widely used in stores around the world to speed up processing at checkout. Barcodes have also found utility in healthcare and hospitals for patient identification.

However, in order for barcodes to function, we need to have a reader that can decode and interpret the barcode reliably.

This Barcode reader uses and Arduino development board to interpret the data scanned by the barcode reader and displays it on a 16 x 2 LCD display.
The system makes use of a barcode reader module to scan barcodes and output the code. This data is passed on to the Arduino via a serial input. This code is decoded by arduino and displayed on an interfaced 16 x 2 LCD display module.

The system allows for displaying the scanned barcodes for testing and troubleshooting of barcode based systems.

Robotics development is as well as robotics learning has gotten huge demand in the past decade. Robotics usually involves controlling robotics arms or vehicles remotely. The problem is that there are many wireless mediums to control robotic the major ones being rf (radio frequency) and BT (Bluetooth). Developing different controller for each type of robotic system is a very tiresome task and brings huge delays in robotics research and learning.

So here we create a master robotics controller remote that consists of button controller as well as joystick controller that can be used to control robotics arms as well as robotics vehicles. Along with this we here integrate 2 different forms of wireless communication RF as well as Bluetooth so that is compatible with all types of robotics systems.

The system will provide following advantages:

Button Control for motion/switching operations

Joystick for Steering type Control

RF Wireless Transmission

Bluetooth Wireless Transmission

Light Weight & Battery Powered Remote

The controller is a wireless joystick that takes commands from user and allows remote control of robotics systems as per user commands. We here use 4 x push buttons to get button press commands from user and a joystick to transmit steering type commands from user.

The user may choose between transmission medium weather to transmit via blueooth or rf frequency. The controller remote has an on-board switch that allows user to select communication medium. The controller is run by an atmega 328 controller and powered by a small battery for power supply.

We hereby develop a small receiver device to test the transmitted commands. This receiver system also has rf as well as Bluetooth receivers and constantly displays commands from both the receivers on an LCD display. This allows the user to check the commands being transmitted by the transmitter joystick.

In the world of filmmaking, Drones have opened a world of perspectives and camera angles. In recent years, the explosion in the availability of affordable drones has made it possible for anyone to take stunning aerial shots. Aspiring filmmakers, as well as seasoned directors, have begun exploring the endless creative possibilities offered by drones.
Despite all their advantages, most modern Drones suffer from one major shortcoming- they are extremely vulnerable to water damage. Most drones have a porous outer shell allowing water to seep in and damage the internal circuitry.
Due to this fatal flaw, most drones lose their operational capabilities during heavy rains and thunderstorms.
This waterproof action camera drone aims to tackle the vulnerability of conventional drones. Boasting a range of up to a kilometre, this drone is suitable for scouting, as well as shooting. Moreover, this drone can effortlessly carry a payload of up to 500 grams, allowing it to support all kinds of action cameras. Its waterproof body makes sure water remains away from its internal mechanism and circuitry.
Thus, allowing the drone to remain operational and letting you shoot stunning and scenic footage even in the pouring rain.

Features of Waterproof Action Camera Drone:

Payload limit of 500 grams allows you to mount even the heaviest action camera.

Waterproof body allows it to remain operational even in heavy rains and thunderstorms.

Operational range of 1 kilometre makes it ideal for scenic outdoor shoots.

Along with making it easy for transport, this drone’s Compact design allows it to take off from the palm of your hand.

Water quality plays a very important part in the health of animals and human beings. Lakes and reservoirs, canals one of the major sources of drinking water. The first step towards water pollution control is to be able to monitor the actual level of water pollution. The problem with water pollution monitoring is the manual effort of taking a boat through a lake or reservoir each time to monitor pollution throughout the water body.

So we here design a solution for easy water quality checking of vast water bodies with ease. This RC water pollution monitor boat allows for recording as well as transmitting water quality data to an IOT server online. This will further help us to maintain the water clean. This project is remote-operated and controlled by an RC remote using which it can be maneuverer accordingly, a motorized propeller system to provide the forward propulsion and servo motor arrangement to provide with the steering using a rudder.

The IOT pollution monitor boat provides the following advantages:

Ph & Turbidity Sensing

Dissolved Oxygen Level Sensing

Long Range Remote Controlled Operation

Data Logging as well as IOT Online Transmission

Efficient Propeller Driven Navigation system

Easy to operate

As per the commands received by the rc receiver the controller operates the DC motor which rotates the propeller through a flexible bearing and shaft. Now we have 2x direction control rudders attached to a servo motor used to steer the boat as per controller signals received.

Additionally, we have two sensors to determine water quality, we include PH sensors as well as turbidity sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor. These sensors will detect the presence of suspended particles in the water.

Thus the water quality monitoring rc boat can be used for water quality monitoring on lakes and reservoirs with ease.

Power banks are one of the need to have product these days. But even power banks need charging. For that one needs to get the power bank charged in a power plug. This is not always possible when travelling so here we design a smart solar powered folding power bank.
The solar power bank integrates solar charging with efficient battery support and wireless charging to provide a multi functional unique power bank product. The device is able to self charge anywhere during day time so that he user never runs out of power.

This Wireless charging solar power bank provides the following advantages:

Easy Wireless Charging for compatible phones

Solar Self Charging

Foldable Design for Portability

20000maH battery backup

Added USB Type Charging port availability

The smart solar power bank integrates lithium battery pack with solar panels battery protection and wireless charging coils using dc power boosters and charge controllers to provide for a feature packed power bank.

This solar panels are used with charge controllers to charge the battery pack using charging circuitry. The powerbank makes use of LED for indication of current battery capacity. AN Adapter can also be used to directly charge the powerbank using AC power if needed.

The battery pack power is used to power the induction coil that is mounted on the top of the power bank. When mobile phone is placed over the top of the power bank an electromagnetic induction effect induces electric current in the coil mounted in the phone back. This is used to charge the phone wirelessly.

An umbrella is much needed product in rainy season. The problems associated with umbrellas is that it needs to be carried separately along with your other stuff and it occupies one hand all the time. Also umbrellas are to be kept separately in buckets which leads to people forgetting about umbrella in many cases and loosing them.
Well we here design a smart solution to all umbrella related problems with a customized solution. Our proposed device is a bag pack that has an integrated umbrella with auto rain sensing. The umbrella does not need to be carried separately and both hands of the user are free even when the umbrella is open. Even opening the umbrella is an automatic operation with no manual efforts needed.

This rain sensing modern umbrella provides the following advantages:
Hands free usage

Bag attached umbrella no need to carry separately

No risk of forgetting or loosing umbrella

Automatic opening closing on button press

Rain sensing feature for automatic opening

Protects from rain as well as sunlight as needed

The modern umbrella consists of DC motorized system with transparent plastic cover with rain sensor and Arduino controller integrated in a bapack. The rain sensing umbrella system is a unique modern day gadget that changes the way umbrella is used.

The rain sensor is used to detect rain fall. If rainfall is detected, the sensor sends trigger to the arduino controller. The arduino now operates the motors to open the small umbrella shed to protect user from rain. Also umbrella opening and closing operations can be triggered by a button press y the user.

Drones are today widely being used in a number of fields. Applications of drones ranges from filming and videography to thermal inspections. The major issue associated with drones is the cost. Drones are generally costly purchase and there is a huge risk of damage while flying drone that is why drones are still not a very common gadget.

Also large drones make a lot of noise and need a lot of clear space to fly. They cannot be flown indoors or in dense forests or areas with many trees. So here we build a micro drone with an obstacle detection feature using LIDAR. This drone helps you understand drone flying as well as how obstacle sensing can be done using drones. Also its small size and lower cost makes it less risky to fly it in dense forest of tricky places.

This Micro drone provides the following advantages:

Small size and Low Cost

LIDAR based obstacle sensing

LED and Buzzer indications as per obstacle distance

Can Takeoff from ones hand/trees or tight places

Less Noise and very lightweight design

The mini drone consists of 4 drone motors with propellers with Arduino Pro Mini F3 EVO controller and a lidar sensor and buzzer. The lidar sensor uses IR for detecting any obstacles in front of it. If any obstacle is detected the lidar signal are decoded by controller to operate a buzzer and led for indication of obstacle proximity alert. The user is constantly alerted with about the proximity by modifying the led and buzzer frequency as per proximity so drone can be controlled accordingly to avoid collision.

There has been a tremendous growth in the number of vehicles on road in past few years. But unfortunately the road networks and road widths have not grown in proportion to vehicle numbers. This has created in huge parking crisis especially in urban areas. At such times smart online parking systems are the need of the hour.
This system aims at replacing the conventional parking system with an IoT-based smart parking system by using RFID (radio-frequency identification). The users will be provided an entry card for getting access to the parking slot. The users will also be provided with an android based mobile application, using which they can know about the availability of the parking slot on their mobile phones. The users will need to maintain a minimum amount of balance in their entry card for getting access through the parking system, otherwise, the system will deny the access to enter. In this way, this smart parking system will help reduce human effort & time by using automation technology.

This IOT smart parking system provides the following advantages:

Automatic Parking System with Zero Human Intervention

RFID Scan for Access Verification

Automatic Gate Barriers for Entry Exit

Parking Slot Sensors for Empty Slot Detection

Online Parking Slot availability on Phone

Easy to Use System

The system makes use of multiple technologies to achieve the smart parking capability. This includes RFID scanner, Esp8266 Wifi Module, module motors, IR sensors, Microcontroller and electronics components to develop this system. The microcontroller is used to operate the entire system in order to achieve the desired operation.

The user first checks the availability of parking slots online. The microcontroller reads the sensor values of parking slots and then transfers this information online over IOT through wifi. The iot gecko server is used to translate this information and map it over into a graphical format.

Robotic arms are now used in a wide variety of applications, from industrial automation to automatic burger making arms. The key component of any automatic robotic arm is its ability to learn motions or the ability of arms to be programmable by the user. This usually involves programming the arm each time with set of instructions to be followed.

Well we hereby develop a smartphone controlled programmable robotic arm that can be easily programmed via a smartphone to perform any automated repetitive tasks as desired by user. The arm makes use of 6 servo motors controlled by an arduino Uno to achieve the task.
This Arduino powered arm provides the following advantages:

6 DOF arm for 360° Movements

Programmable Arm as per user automation process

Smartphone controlled system with no added programming hardware needed

Easy to control movements with sliders instead of complicated programming

The 6 Dof arm makes use of 6 servo motors controlled by an arduino Uno controller. The controller is interfaced with a Bluetooth receiver that is used to receive commands via the android app. The arm gripper is made up of 2 claws which are also controlled by a servo motor. The gripper angle is also be rotated by another servo for a 180° orientation to pick up and place objects of any orientation.

The android app consists of an easy to use gui with sliders used to transmit servo movement commands. The user can record steps and save each step through the app.

The programming commands transmitted by app are received by the Bluetooth receiver and passed over to arduino controller. The controller records movement commands of each servo step and saves it. The controller can now repeat the set of steps so as to execute the entire movement command with desired coordination with each servo to achieve the program repetitively.
Thus the system provides a smart mechanism to use a 360° programmable robotic arm with smartphone controlled system.