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Dolnji Zemon, Slovenia
Those who have ancestors from this village may find the following resources of interest.
1) Franciscan Cadastral files for Dolnji Zemon dated 1824
House number: Surname and Name of owner
01: Scribani Franz [Conte Francesco Scribani]
02: Verh (Vrh) Joseph (Jožef)
03: Gershina (Gržina) Joseph (Jožef)
04: Verh (Vrh) Matheus (Matevž, Matija)
05: Beucich (Belčič) Joseph (Jožef)
06: Perußin (Peruzin) Anton
07: Skerl (Škrlj) Jacob (Jakob)
08. Verh (Vrh) Anton
09: Poteppan (Potepan) Georg (Jurij)
10. Poteppan (Potepan) Anton
11: Primz (Primc, Primec) Mihail (Mihael)
12: Novak Hellena (Helena, Alenka)
13: Novak Joseph (Jožef)
14. Skerl (Škrlj) Joseph (Jožef)
15: Potepan Anton
16: Skerl (Škrlj) Joseph (Jožef)
17: Laurenecsich (Lavrenčič) Martin
18: Mesgur Joseph (Jožef)
19: Basha (Baša) Anton
20: Beucich (Bevčič, Belčič) Mathias (Matevž, Matija)
21: Basha (Baša) Joseph (Jožef)
22. Verh (Vrh) Jacob (Jakob)
23: Basha (Baša) Johann (Janez)
24: Shein (Šajn) Johann (Janez)
25. Verh (Vrh) Georg (Jurij)
26: Verh (Vrh) Matheus (Matevž, Matija)
27: Stemberger Anton
28: Verh (Vrh) Jacob (Jakob)
29: Stemberger Johann (Janez)
30: Skerl (Škrlj) Katharina (Katarina)
31: Verh (Vrh) Johann (Janez)
32: Primz (Primc, Primec) Joseph (Jožef)
33: Stemberger Anton
34. Verh (Vrh) Stephan (Štefan)
35: Shagar (Žagar) Thomas (Tomaž)
36: Skerl (Škrlj) Jacob (Jakob)
37: Shagar (Žagar) Joseph (Jožef)
38: Beucich (Bevčič, Belčič) Anton
39: Beucich (Bevčič, Belčič) Johann (Janez)
40: Stemberger Joseph (Jožef)
41: Verh (Vrh) Anton
42. Grill (Grlj) Lucas (Luka)
43: Dougan (Dolgan, Dovgan) Anton
44: Dougan (Dolgan, Dovgan) Mihail (Mihael)
45: Verh (Vrh) Joseph (Jožef)
46: Verh (Vrh) Joseph (Jožef)
47: Grill (Grlj) Mathias (Matevž, Matija)
48: Shirzel (Šircelj) Anton
49: Serpan (Srpan) Joseph
50: Hodnig (Hodnik)Thomas (Tomaž)
51: Skerl (Škrlj) Mathaus (Matevž, Matija)
52: Stemberger Andreas (Andrej)
53. Basha (Baša) Georg (Jurij)
54. Verh (Vrh) Johann (Janez)
55: Stemberger Johann (Janez)
56: Verh (Vrh) Gregor
57: Verh (Vrh) Mihail (Mihael)
58: Beucich (Belčič) Jernej
59. Verh (Vrh) Georg (Jurij)
60: Skerl (Škrlj) Lorenz Weniger (Lovrenc)
61: Grill (Grlj) Anton
62: Beucich (Bevčič, Belčič) Wenzel (Venčeslav)
2) Dolnji Zemon—Spomini nekega časa – Nadja Gombač roj. Škrlj po domače Jakopova [Dolnji Zemon—Memories of a Time Gone By– Nadja Gombač née Škrlj, house name (oeconym) Jakopova]
Besides containing precious old photos of Dolnji Zemon current and former inhabitants, this book, written in Slovenian, also covers old traditions and gives information using old house names. [The upside down e [ә] is pronounced as a very short e.]
(House names are not related to house numbers.)
1: Jakvetovi
2: Kovačovi
3: Luknovi
4: Srpanovi
5: Čәpčjәvi
6: Vrbovčovi – Lekanovi
7: Brajkotovi
8: Pouletovi
9: Tuәmnovi
10: Fәdlinovi
11: Jernәkovi
12: Bizmovi
13: Mojtnovi
14: Hurjovi
15: Guәčovi
16: Žjefәni
17: Šurčovi
18: Frjanovi
19: Oštarjovi guranji
20: Oštarjovi dulanji
21: Čәbruәnovi
22: Puәštarjovi guranji (Edvartovi)
23: Puәštarjovi dulanji
24: Folajovi
25: Borošjәvi guranji
26: Borošjәvi dulanji
27: Mihljovi
28: Pәclinovi
29: Hlajdrovi
30: Lovrančovi
31: Grehovi
32: Bjgnarjovi guranji
33: Bjgnarjovi dulanji
34: Lukatovi
35: Šimanjovi
36: Jožićovi (šolska stanovanja)
37: Frjanovi dulanji
38: Polinovi na Tmbregi
39: ŠULA
40: Ćjušovi
41: Pәtrjәtovi
42: Demovi
43: Nežovčovi
44: Gošpәrjәtovi
45: Katinini – GOSTILNA
46: Fәdlinčkovi
47: Hramovi
48: Lәnčajovi
49: Hmjәtovi
50: Botegarjovi
51: Polinovi
52: Ćjušovi – Tone
59: Vәncetovi
60: Griljovi
61. Kovačovi – KOVAČIJA
62: Čačovi
63: Poldarjovi
64: Foturjovi
65: Jakopovi – GOSTILNA
66: Mihatovi
67: Šindovi
68: Froncjәtovi
69: Bubči
70: Katinini – GOSTILNA
71: Frjončkovi – GOSTILNA
72: Novakovi
73: Škrličәni – GOSTILNA
74: Škrljovi – Josip Nadoslav Potepan
75: Šimanjovi – GOSTILNA Vaga
76: Foturjovi – Malka “pr cesti”
77: Polinovi – Dragica “pri Vagi”
78: Polinovi – Johanca “pri Vagi”
79: Botegarjovi – “pri Vagi”
80: Lovrečćovi – “pri Vagi”
81: Polinovi – Johanca “pri Vagi”
82: Vәncetovi – “pri Vagi”

YouTube videos in Slovenian
3) Dolnji Zemon 2013
Video about the book which is narrated by Viljem Gombač, the son of the author.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrbs8j4_cOU
Points of interest
7:10
Vizita – Traditional celebration organised as a send-off for young men leaving to attend medical examinations for selection into the army.
9:00
Bela in črna nevesta – A Bride in White and a Bride in Black – A pre-World War 2 traditional ritual where unmarried men and women of the village farewelled a young man or woman who died unmarried.
4) Sprehod skozi spomine - Dolnji Zemon do leta 1918. 1.del [A walk down memory lane – Dolnji Zemon to 1918, Part 1]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3a1B_i7ImI

5) Sprehod skozi spomine - Dolnji Zemon od leta 1918 do 1991, 2.del [A walk down memory lane – Dolnji Zemon from 1918 to 1991, Part 2]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c57OEbL1Khs
6) Sprehod skozi spomine - Dolnji Zemon — Posebnosti in zanimivosti, 3.del [A walk down memory lane – Dolnji Zemon — Special features and interesting facts, Part 3]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Os1_V0jDnLM(

Slovenian Emigrant Almanac 1971
Published by Slovenska Izseljenska Matica in Ljubljana, Slovenia in 1970.
Like many Australians of Slovenian descent, I have lovely memories of community activities at the church and various clubs. I was going through some old books and found an article written by my stepfather, Stanko Petkovšek. In memory of him I have translated the article and hope if sparks wonderful memories of shared cultural events in other people too.
The Activities of the Slovenian Association Sydney in Australia
Written by Stanko Petkovšek, Croydon, Australia
Although the real beginning of ‘Slovenian Association Sydney’ dates back 20 years, I will focus only on more recent activities which took place during the most significant period for the Association. This is from the time when land was purchased for the Association’s needs until the present day.
Towards the end of 1968, when the successful fundraising campaign for a Slovenian centre in Sydney entered its fifth year, our people became increasingly interested in what land would be bought and where. After much deliberation, we decided on seven acres of land, which included a residential house, in beautiful surroundings reminiscent of our homeland, and therefore much liked by our people. After its purchase, to celebrate our success, we organized a Prešeren Festival there in the style of Slovenian festivals that had taken place over a hundred years earlier. According to common opinion, this event was the most important and the best in the history of Slovenians in Sydney. After the religious section of the event, there was a cultural program which involved all age groups — children, teenagers and adults — which gave us a wonderful feeling that we were a living piece of the Slovenian nation. The program, the motif for which was Prešeren's belief that Slovenians could live as a nation, was entertaining and well prepared. The delightful performance by children at the start immediately engaged the audience. Everyone watched with enthusiasm and rewarded the performers with loud applause. These performances were followed by accordionists, reciters, a choir and a folk dancing group. After the cultural section, there was an evening of social mingling and our compatriots had fun long into the night and finally left feeling pleased. The Association's management committee was thus assured that it was on the right track.
From this event onwards, the block of land was to be used as much as possible for social purposes. As the building is unsuitable for indoor events, they all took place outdoors in the form of picnics with a cultural component involving performances. We held events for Mother's Day, Father's Day, youth picnics, St. Nicholas’ Day, Kurentovanje and Gregorčič Day. The Association decided that a major event with a select program to honour a great Slovenian would be held annually. Therefore, the first event was dedicated to Dr France Prešeren, and this year’s will be for Simon Gregorčič. Other events are to have a traditional, folkish flavour. Therefore, we planned to celebrate Saint George’s Day, Labour Day Bonfire Night, and Kurentovanje. At each of these events, the origin, meaning and cultural worth of these customs will be explained. Kurentovanje has already been celebrated according to this model.
Other social events are held in a rented hall once a month, but we would also like to have them take place on our block of land. That is why we are currently drawing up construction plans to renovate and upgrade the existing building into a suitable hall with 140 seats and a space for dancing. In warm and pleasant weather, however, we could still use the outdoor paved area. The hall would also be used to hold the Slomšek School.
Currently, the Association has around 450 members and is open to all, thereby bringing together all Slovenians in Sydney. Anyone can come to our events. In addition to social activities, it supports the Slovenian Slomšek School where school children learn to write and pronounce Slovenian words correctly, and can get a feel for their Slovenian heritage from a very early age. The Association also organizes three-month long trips to the homeland. It is extremely important that our people land at the Slovenian airport and are welcomed as a Slovenian emigrant group, as this certainly makes a deep and lasting impression on a person who has been living abroad for a long time.
This is a brief account of our Association’s aims and activities in Sydney. There are many things planned and we understand that they will not be quickly realised. However, we hope that our current success will provide a strong foundation for the development of Slovenian life in this Australian city.

Mlinski dvor (Mühlhofen)
Summary of an extract from the article published in ‘Kronika, vol. 58, no. 1, 2010, pages 23–28’, which is a publication of Zveza zgodovinskih društev Slovenije – ZZDS [Historical Association of Slovenia – HAS] https://zzds.si/index.html
Accessed on the website: Digitalna knjižica Slovenije - https://www.dlib.si/results/?euapi=1&query=%27keywords%3djanez+nepomuk+kalister+in+mlinski+dvor%27&sortDir=ASC&sort=date&pageSize=25
Janez Nepomuk Kalister in Mlinski dvor v Postojni
[Janez Nepomuk Kalister and the Mlinski dvor Mansion in Postojna]
by Andrej Smerdu, dipl. organizator turizma,
Mlinski dvor (Mühlhofen)
Mühlhofen is one of three palatial mansions in the centre of Postojna.1 It stands near the parish church of sv. Štefan [St. Stephen]. The road, Tržaška cesta, runs next to the mansion; this road was extremely important for transporters and traders travelling from Ljubljana to Trieste and Rijeka in the 18th century and in the first half of the 19th century (until the arrival of the railway). At the beginning of the 19th century, the main building of the Mlinski dvor Estate was this two-storey mansion in the centre of Postojna with a separate business building on the other side of the road towards Postojna Cave. Along with the farm and associated land in the village of Stara vas, it was probably bought by nobleman Jožef Nicoletti from the Troyer family, who were landed gentry, around 1740.2 It is probable that the seat of the Estate was located elsewhere before that. In the Postojna Parish Chronicles, Andrej Ažman writes that the Nicoletti family had built a mansion in Postojna as early as 1672, and it stood on the site where the mill, named Spodnji mlin, stands today.3 The Estate also included the Glince meadow, which stretched from the mill all the way to the first houses in Postojna. Mlinski dvor was previously known as Prestranek.4 In the middle of the 18th century, 22 entire farms [hides - farms large enough to sustain a family] were part of the Estate. Later on, land plots from nobleman Antonio Hannibal Bottoni from Trieste, Italy, were added. At the end of the 19th century, the estate consisted of 28 entire farms.5
The tithe record from 18086 shows us a list of house owners of farms that were subject to Mlinski dvor:

Grobšče: Matevž Černač, Blaž Želodec, Janez Klemenc, Miha Černač, Anton Černač, Anton Klemenc, Matevž Černač Bilka, Anton Klemenc Bilka
Matenja vas: Andrej Cestnik, Valentin Sluga, Tomaž Gorup, Ivan Gorup, Andrej Gabrajna, Andrej Černač
Selce: Anton Dekleva, Miha Slave, Matija Mavrič, Marko Kramer, Miha Zorman, Anton Možina, Gregor Žitko, Pavle Kristan, Tomaž Kristan, Andrej Smerdu
Parje: Lovro Bergoč, Lovro Penko, Janez Penko, Tomaž Penko
Radohova vas: Anton Čelihar, Matevž Farec, Simon Knafelc, Matija Žele, Blaž Penko, Jurij Trebec
Narin: Miha Kuret, Matevž Kuret, Matija Marinčič, Štefan Kaluža
Podstenje: Matija Lukežič, Martin Kirn
Smrje: Jožef Grahor, Luka Grahor
Trnovo: Štefan Benigar, Gregor Benigar, Matevž Benigar, Marko Benigar, Peter Benigar, Anton Benigar, Andrej Vičič, Urban Tomšič, Ivan Vičič, Luka Vičič, Tomaž Vičič, Matija Benigar, Marko Benigar
Klenik: Simon Knafelc, Anton Zorman, Tomaž Zorman, Martin Rotar, Luka Trebec, Gregor Lagoj, Jakob Bergoč, Jurij Rotar
Ratečevo brdo: no records
Mereče: Ivan Skok, Jakob Skok, Jožef Skok, Miha Skok, Simon Skok, Jurij Šircel, Jožef Skok, Jakob Skok, Martin Šircel, Jernej Fabec, Jurij Hrovatin, Janez Valenčič
Zajelšje: Jožef Gombač, Martin Gombač, Jožef Ivančič
Sabonje: Blaž Božič, Luka Fabjančič, Štefan Fabjančič
Podgrad: Jurij Stanič, Simon Šajn, Peter Šajn
Prem: Blaž Hrastnik, Anton Strle

Kalister's purchase of Mlinski dvor Mansion
Jožef, [Joseph, Giuseppe] Nicoletti’s sons, Karel [Charles, Carlo] and Anton Sigmund inherited the property from him, and after their death, Elizabeta [Elizabeth, Isabella] Nicoletti.7 It is evident from the Register of Aristocratic Estates, that on the 15th of September 1832, Mlinski dvor Mansion belonged to Anton II, Baron Codelli, son of Elizabeta Nicoletti.8 Baron Codelli leased the Estate in 1835 to brothers Albert and Andrej [Andrew, Andrea] Garzarolli, landed gentry from Postojna.9 Ten years later, at the beginning of 1846, Janez Nepomuk Kalister showed interest in buying Mlinski dvor Mansion. Based on that, on the 23rd of March that same year, a contract was prepared in Ljubljana for the sale and purchase of Mlinski dvor Mansion.

References
1. The Lower Mansion of Postojna, home to ZRC SAZU, the Institute for Karst Research, and the Adlershofen Mansion.
2. The Postojna Parish Chronicle states that Troyer was the owner of what is now known as Kutin’s House, and had a large estate with commercial buildings in the village of Stara vas, as well as one in Postojna (Župnijska arhiv Postojna [Postojna Parish Archive]), Andrej Ažman, Kronika župnije Postojna [Postojna Parish Chronicle]). In the church land register, after 1740, nobleman Jožef Nicoletti is listed instead of Troyer (Župnijska arhiv Postojna [Postojna Parish Archive]), Urbar Postojna (sv. Stefan [church of St. Stephen]) 1681).
3. Župnijska arhiv Postojna [Postojna Parish Archive]), Andrej Ažman, Kronika župnije Postojna [Postojna Parish Chronicle])
4. As it had the same name as the imperial stud farm, Prestranek, the Prestranek Estate was renamed Mühlhofen in 1794 (ARS, AS 315, Der drite blaue quatern deren kauf und verkauf contracte dann verglichen ann. 1792, e 18).
5. ARS, AS 315, Der erste eisen farbe quatern deren einlagen ab anno 1759, p 17 and o 30.
6. ARS, AS 791, Box 22.
7. Noblewoman Elizabeta Nicoletti, born 13 July 1777, was the daughter of nobleman Karel Nicoletti and noblewoman Elenore Puzowski Holzenburg. In 1796 she married Anton I, Baron Codelli (ARS, AS 791, Box 23, Statement of the Descendants of nobleman Karl Nicoletti, and Box 15, the marriage contract between Anton I, Baron Codelli, and noblewoman Elizabeta Nicoletti).
8. ARS, AS 791, Box 22, Extract from Deželna deska [Register of Aristocratic Estates]
9. From the Garzarolli family, who owned the Adlershofen Mansion in Postojna (Sapač, Grajske stavbe, pages. 9–12).

Further research:
Arhiv Republike Slovenije
Archives of the Republic of Slovenia
http://arsq.gov.si/Query/suchinfo.aspx
SI AS 791 Graščina Turn ob Ljubljanici, 1597-1944 (Fond/zbirka)
Content includes:
Mühlhofen Estate 1700–1847: papers, land register and inheritance documents, contracts, invoices, inventories, business documents, civil proceedings, criminalia, patrimonial legal decisions, correspondence, personal familiaria Nicoletti

Those with ancestors from the town of Knežak may be interested in the following YouTube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIZLWp1QAhA , Sprehod skozi spomine – Knežak 1. del [A walk down memory lane – Knežak to 1918, Part 1] by TV Galerija.
Presenter: Ivan Simčič
Guests: Darko Urbančič and Vojko Mihelj

Sprehod skozi spomine - Knežak 1. del 8. oddaja Sprehod skozi spomine - Knežak 1. del, april 2021Voditelj Ivan Simčič se bo v osmi oddaji "Sprehod skozi spomine" z gostoma Darkom Urbančičem in Vo...

Šajn
Summary of information on the surname ‘Šajn’ from ‘Na jurški zemlji: o planini Juršič, nastanku vasi Juršče in o sledovih njenih prvih prebivalcev’ [Juršče and Its Environs: Its mountain pastures, the founding of the village, and information on its first inhabitants]
Book author: Irena Uršič.
Založba Libris, Koper. ISBN 978-961-6618-03-8

[Some variations of the surname: Shine, Žejn, Shain, Shein, Schein, Schain, Šajina, Šain, Šajne]

The earliest mention of the surname ‘Šajn’ in the Dominions of Postojna and Prem occurs in 1564 in the village of Knežak.1 Though the earliest mention of the name in the village of Juršče is found in the 1755 Urbar for the fiefdom of Kalec2 and the earliest death register for the parish of Knežak (1784–1837)3.
Juršče was formed at a time where new settlements were established with new subjects. However, the new subjects there were not only refugees from Turkish territory. Feudal lords sometimes simply moved some of their vassals to abandoned or uninhabited land.
The book author, Irena Uršič, assumes that the feudal lord populated the uninhabited area with adult children from farms in the immediate vicinity within the dominion to which he belonged4 or from a nearby landed dominion. In fact, individual landowners invited new immigrants to settle because wars, disease, and scarcity took away their labour5.
The first subject with the surname Šajn had the first name Jurij. He first appears in Knežak in 1564 in the land register of the dominion of Postojna. The surname Šajn, which was the most plentiful surname in Juršče in the 18th century, was simultaneously the most common surname in Knežak. From the land register of the district of Postojna from the 18th century it is known that this surname, appeared only on the odd occasion in the villages of Bač and Dolnje Ležeče, while in Knežak, as many as a third of all the Hides6 were held by men of that surname.
The meaning of the surname Šajn
Its origin is found in the word sha(h)in, which is a Turkish name of Persian origin and means ‘falcon’7. The surname Šajn (as well as other variants: Šajina, Šain, Šajne,…) derived from this name and spread across the Balkans with the Vlachs, mostly Slavicized nomadic indigenous inhabitants of the Balkan Peninsula who migrated from the western part of the country. Vlachs, especially from Dalmatia and Albania, settled in Istria from the 15th to the end of the 17th century. On the Istrian peninsula, the surname in the form of Šajin or Šajn is still present today. As many as five places in Istria are called Šajini or Šajni. The Venetians and Istrians also called the Vlachs ‘Čiči’, after which Čičarija got its name8. They were mainly known for breeding sheep. They had to pay duties to their feudal lords for the use of pasture land (grass tax, part of their livestock) and perform various tasks (such as grazing livestock for a feudal lord)9. In addition to being traditionally engaged in seminomadic livestock farming, they forested and produced charcoal.

Sources
1. Archives of the Republic of Slovenia, Viceroy of Carniola Archive, Theresian Cadastre for Carniola
2. Archives of the Republic of Slovenia, Theresian Cadastre for Carniola
3. Knežak Parish Archives, Death Register for Knežak 1784–1837
4. Gospodarska in družbena zgodovina Slovencev, [Economic and Social History of Slovenes] Book 2
5. Darovec, D., 2004: Davki nam pijejo kri. Gospodarstvo severozahodne Istre v novem veku v luči beneške davčne politike. Koper, Knjižnica Annales Majora, Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno – raziskovalno središče Koper, Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko
6. [Hübe = A hide. A farm large enough to sustain one family. Buildings and land, subject to a manor. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hide_(unit)]
7. Šimunović, P., 1995: Hrvatska prezimena – podrijetlo, značenje, razprostranjenost. Zagreb, Golden Marketing [Šimunović, P., 1995: Croatian surnames - origin, meaning, distribution. Zagreb, Golden Marketing]
8. Rožac Darovec, V. in drugi, 2005: Meje in konfini. Koper, Annales, Šimunović, Hrvatska prezimena – podrijetlo, značenje, razprostranjenost [Rožac Darovec, V. et al., 2005: Borders and Boundaries. Koper, Annales, Šimunović, P., 1995: Croatian surnames - origin, meaning, distribution]
9. Enciklopedija leksikografskog zavoda. Zv. 7, 1964, Zagreb, Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod [Encyclopedia of the Lexicographic Institute. Book 7, 1964, Zagreb, Yugoslav Lexicographical Institute]

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