Ducaale maxamed ibrahim page_

LEARN TO APPRECIATE YOUR CREATOR.
I want you to take note of the following that make up the "YOU" that you think you are:

1: Number of bones: 206
2: Number of muscles: 639
3: Number of kidneys: 2
4: Number of milk teeth: 20
5: Number of ribs: 24 (12 pair)
6: Heart chamber number: 4
7: Largest artery: Aorta
8: Normal blood pressure: 120/80 Mmhg
9: Blood Ph: 7.4
10: Number of vertebrae in spinal column: 33
11: Number of vertebrae in the neck: 7
12: Number of bones in middle ear: 6
13: Number of bones in face: 14
14: Number of bones in skull: 22
15: Number of bones in chest: 25
16: Number of bones in arms: 6
17: Number of muscles in the human arm: 72
18: Number of pumps in the heart: 2
19: Largest organ: Skin
20: Largest gland: Liver
21: Largest cell: female o**m
22: Smallest cell: S***m
23: Smallest bone: Stapes middle ear
24: First transplanted organ: Kidney
25: Average length of small intestine: 7m
26: Average length of large intestine: 1.5 m
27: Average weight of newborn baby: 3 kg
28: Pulse rate in one minute: 72 times
29: Normal body temperature: 37 C ° (98.4 f °)
30: Average blood volume: 4 to 5 LITERS
31: LIFETIME Red blood cells: 120 days
32: LIFETIME White blood cells: 10 to 15 days
33: Pregnancy period: 280 days (40 weeks)
34: Number of bones in human foot: 33
35: Number of bones in each wrist: 8
36: Number of bones in hand: 27
37: Largest endocrine gland: Thyroid
38: Largest lymphatic organ: Spleen
40: Largest and strongest bone: Femur
41: Smallest muscle: Stapedius (middle ear)
41: Chromosome number: 46 (23 pair)
42: Number of newborn baby bones: 306
43: Blood viscosity: 4.5 to 5.5
44: Universal donor blood group: O
45: Universal recipient blood group: AB
46: Largest white blood cell: Monocyte
47: Smallest white blood cell: Lymphocyte
48: The increased red blood cell count is called: Polycythemia
49: Blood bank in the body is: Spleen
50: River of Life is called: Blood
51: Normal blood cholesterol level: 100 mg / dl
52: Fluid part of blood is: Plasma

A perfectly designed machine that allows you to enjoy this adventure called life. Take care of it. Do not damage it with vices and excesses.

Xisaab nololeed

kasoo qaad inaad noolaan karto 60 sano, maalinkasta oo noloshaada kamid ah waxaad seexataa 8 saacadood, hadii laysu geeyo wadarta wakhtiga aad hurudo ku qaadatay waa 20 oo kamid ah noloshaada.

Waxaad shaqaysaa 8 saac maalinkata, hadii laysu geeyo wadarta wakhtiga aad shaqaysay waa 20 sano noloshaada

15 sano waxaad ahayd ciyaal ama cunug yar.

Maalin kasta labo jeer ayaad u fadhiisataa cunto waxaadna ku qaadataa 30 daqiiqadood inaad wax cunto, hadii la xisaabiyo waa 3 sano

Hadii laysu geeyo wadarta wakhtigaaga waa sidan
20 hurdo + 20 shaqo+ 15 caruurnimo + 3 sano oo cunto qaadasho ah wadartu waa 58 sano cimrigaaga hadii laga jaro tirada cimrigaaga (60 sano) saxaa kuu baaqi noqon 2 sano.

maxay noqon doontaa jawaab taadu marka aakhiro lagu waydiiyo maxaad ku soo qadatay waqtigaaga intii aad noolayd?

waxaan kuu hayaa xal dhow oo aad ku xalliso arintan.

kitaabka quraanka ahi waxaa uu ka kooban yabay 604 warqadood ama xaanshiyadood hadii aan u qaybinno 30 cisho ee bilwalba maalintii waxaa kugu hagaagaysa ama kugu so aadeysa 20 warqadood ama xaanshiyadood oo keliya maalintiiba.

Maalin kasta waxaad tukataa 5 salaadood. hadii aad 20 bog uqaybiso salaad kasta waxaad aqrin kartaa 4 bog (20/5=4)

Hadii aad u dirto fariintan saxibadaa iyo faamili gaaga kadibna ay Dhameeyaan akhriska quraanka bil walba miyaad qiyaasi kartaa ajarka aad ka heli kartid adigu ?

Markasta oo qof akhriyo waxaad helaysaa xasanaad iyadoo aan waxba laga dhimayn account gaaga aakhiro cajiib.

maxaad naftaada ugu samayn wayday fursad ganacsi oo faa iido leh xagga xasanaadka/ajarka iyo aakhiradaadaba inta aad murmeysid maalinwalba dood cidla ahna ku jirto.

maxaa dadka ugu tilmaami waydey inay dhameeyaan quraanka bil walba ee curata adiga oo naftaada ka bilaabaya !.

XIGMADO QIIMO BADAN
Waxaa la yiraahdaa wanaagga ninku waa raganimada,Wanaagga gabadhuna waa hooyonimada, Wanaagga ubadku waa baarrinimada, Wanaagga habeenkuna waa xasiloonida.
1. Luuqadda ugu xoogga badan dunida maantu waa aamuska.
2. Farriinta ugu saamaynta badani waa ilmada (Oohinta).
3. Ku talax tagga (Ku fogaanshiyaha arrimaha qaar):
– Jileeca oo aad ku talax tagtaa waa liidasho, Qosolka oo aad ku talax tagtaa waa xaqiraad, Raaxaysiga oo aad ku talax tagtaa waa fadhiidnimo. Digtoonida oo aad ku talax tagtaa waa shaki, hinaasaha ama maseerka oo aad ku talax tagtaa waa waalli.
4. Karaamada ugu weyn ee qof lagu sheegaa waa edebta.
5. Ereyga ugu wanaagsan ee dhego maqlaan waa nabadda.
6. Aarsiga ugu fiicani waa cafiska.
7. Dabka ugu kulul ee qof gubaa waa xiisaha.
8. Cilmi ka ugu sarreeyaa waa qofka oo ku istaaga halka ay aqoontiisu dhab ahaan joogto. (Waxa aanu aqoonta u lahayn ka joogsada.
9. Dadnimada: Dadnimo waxa ugu fiican wejigaaga oo aad dhawrato, adduunyadana u aragto in ay tahay keliya xisaab, maanta u qaado duruus iyo cibro aad wax ku qaadato, shalayna khibrad iyo waayo aragnimo ka qaado.
Aragtida aad gudbinsayo iyo fikirkaaga ka fiirso, waayo berri ayey noqonayaan ficil, la mahadiyo ama la qoomameeyo.
Ficilladaada ka fiirso, berri ayey caado u noqonayaan
ubadkaaga iyo inta aad xidigga u tahay.

Taxanaha Caafimaadka.

1. Biyaha ma cabi karo wa ku lalabooda, wayna i dhibaan Sidee ku cabi karaa biyo aniga oo aan dhibsanayn ama lalaboonayn?

Hadi biyaha cabista aad lalabo ku dareemayso ama ay ku dhibayso liin yar isaga miir biyaha sababtoo ah liintu waxay ka dhigaysa biyaha dhadhankooda kuwa aan ku dhibin madama dadka qaar dhadhanka biyaha uu dhibo waxad cabi dontaa ayaga oo aan ku dhibayn.

2.Sidee ku ogaan karaa cuntada aan cunayo in ay tahay mid isu dheelitiran?

Hadii saxanka cuntada aad kusoo baxsatay kalabar u yahay khudaar kalabarka kalana cunto waxaad cunaysaa cunto isku dheelitiran valse hadii cuntadu ka badan tahay khudaarta iskuma dheelitirna cuntada aad cunayso.

3.Hadii khudaar aan laga heli mesha aan joogo ama aanan gadan karin maxaa ila gudboon si caafimaadka jirkayga aan uga shaqeeyo?

Hadii aad joogto meel khudaartu ku yar tahay ama aadan lahayn awood aad kusoo gadato hilibka cunista iska yaree sababto ah hilibka ayaa kuu keeni kara cuduro madama khudaartii cuduradaas difaaci lahayd aadan haysan.

4. Waxaan u bartay in aan xilli dambe casheeyi mana dhaafi karo maxaan sameeyaa?

Hadii aadan iska dhaafi karin xilliga dambe cashada aad cunayso, khudaar oo kaliya cun sababto ah cashana way kuu tahay caafimaadna way kuu tahay.

5. Marka aan jiimka tago ama aan exercise sameeyo daal badan ayaa dareema maalmaha xiga sidee exerciseka u wadan akraan anigoo daal dareemayn?

Hadii aad exercise-ka ku celceliso awoodada wax ka badan ogoow murqa xanuun iyo jiir go' ayaad la kulmaysaa, sidaa darteed exercise kasta oo aad samaynayso wax awoodada ka badan ha samayn, 5, 10, 15, 20 maalin walba wax ku dar ha isku dayin in aad maalinta koowaad 20 sameyso waxaa xaqiiq ah in maalmaha xiga aadan soo kici doonin.

Qalinkii:Dr waahin sabriye.

Qodob-kee dareenkaaga soo jiitay.

Akhriste ugu yaraan hadaad akhrisatay qormdan caafimaad fadlan saar si ay walaalaha kale ee boggan ku xiran usii gaarto, haddi aad sii garaysid-na kaba sii fiican oo walaalaha iyo saaxiibadaada ayaa waxaad faa'iiday lasii wadaagtay, anigana dhiirigelin bay ii tahay mahadsanidiin.

Nagula soo biir boggan si aad ula socoto qormooyin iyo muuqaalo xiiso badan.

WAA MAXAY BARASHADA DHIIGU ? ( what is hematology ? )
Barashada dhiigu waa in la barto waxa uu ka koobanyahay dhiiga , cudurada ku dhaca dhiiga iyo xubnaha sameeya dhiiga.

WAA MAXAY DHIIG ?

Dhiigu waa dareere cas oo ifaaya kaas oo ku wareega dhamaan xubnaha jirka .

MUXUU KA KOOBANYAHAY DHIIGU ? ( What is the composition of blood ).
Dhiigu waxa uu ka koobanyahay qeyb yaro jaalle xigeen ah oo loo yaqaan qeeybta biyaha ( plasma ), iyo qeeyb unugyo ah ( red blood cells , white blood cells ,and platelet ).
Dhiigga 55% waa dareere ( plasma ), 45% dhiigga waa unugyo ( cells ) .

WAA MAXAY SHAQADA UGU WEEYN EE UU DHIIGGA QABTO ?

1) Dhiigga waxa uu jirka geeyaa nafaqo (nutrients ),iyo hawo ( oxygen ).
2) Dhiigga waxa uu wasaqda ka soo qaada jirka waxa uuna geeya xubnaha qashinka saarka .
3) Dhiigga waxa uu joogteeya xaalada kiimikeed iyo midda kul ee jirka ( chemical & thermal coordination ) .
4) dhiigga waxa uu jirka ka difaacaa waxyaabaha jeermiska ah.
PLASMA MAXAY TAHAY ?

Plasma waa dareere jaalle nadiif ah taas oo unugyadu dhex sabeeyaan . plasma waxa ay ka koobantahay waxyaabo badan oo aad jirka muhiim ugu ah lagana keenay cuntada aan cuneyno , sida beerka iyo xubno kale.
plasma 90% waa biyo , waxaana ku milan walxahan :

a) Albumin iyo Globulin : borotiinadaan ayaa daabula nafaqada jirka waxa eeyna bataan markii jirro timaado ama macluul daran.

b) Prothrombin iyo fibronogen : maadooyinkan waxa kaalin buuxda ka qaataan xinjireynta dhiiga si loo joojiyo dhiiig baxa ka dhasha dhaawaca ama gooysmada .

c) Electrolytes : waa cusbooyin la socda dhiigga sida :
sodiam choloride , sodium bicarbonate, potassium , calcium , iodine , flourine , iyo iron .

d) Nutrients : waa nafaqada dhiigga la socota waxaana ka mid ah glucose , amino acids , glycerol, fatty acids , iyo vitamins .

e) Hormones : waxaa soo daaya dhiiga ku soo dara habdhiska hormoonada ( Endocrine system )

f) Waste products : waa wasaqda kilyuhu ay qashin saaran waxaana ka mid ah : UREA , URIC ACID , CREATININE.

G) Gasses in solution : waa neefaha la socda dhiiga waxaana ka mid ah sida : OXYGEN , CARBON DIOXIDE , NITROGEN .
h) Enzymes :

# MEDICAL_FITNESS •
*BLOOD PRESSURE*
----------
120/80 -- Normal
130/85 --Normal (Control)
140/90 -- High
150/95 -- V.High
----------------------------
*PULSE*
--------
72 per minute (standard)
60 --- 80 p.m. (Normal)
40 -- 180 p.m.(abnormal)
----------------------------
*TEMPERATURE*
-----------------
98.4 F (Normal)
99.0 F Above (Fever)
*BLOOD GROUP COMPATIBILITY*
What’s Your Type and how common is it?
*O+* 1 in 3 37.4%
(Most common)
*A+* 1 in 3 35.7%
*B+* 1 in 12 8.5%
*AB+* 1 in 29 3.4%
*O-* 1 in 15 6.6%
*A-* 1 in 16 6.3%
*B-* 1 in 67 1.5%
*AB-* 1 in 167 .6%
(Rarest)
*Compatible Blood Types*
O- can receive *O-*
O+ can receive *O+, O-*
A- can receive *A-, O-*
A+ can receive *A+, A-, O+, O-*
B- can receive *B-, O-*
B+ can receive *B+, B-, O+, O-*
AB- can receive *AB-, B-, A-, O-*
AB+ can receive *AB+, AB-, B+, B-, A+, A-, O+, O-*
This is an important msg which can save a life! A life
could be saved...

LABORATORY EXAMINATION OF SEMEN
PART ONE :
Caution: Handle semen with care because it may contain infectious pathogens, e.g. HIV, hepatitis viruses, herpes viruses.
1 Measure the volume
Normal semen is thick and viscous when ej******ed.
It becomes liquef i ed usually within 60 minutes due to a fi brinolysin in the fl uid. When liquef i ed, measure the volume of fl uid in millilitres using a small gradu-ated cylinder.
Normal specimens: Usually 2 ml or more.
2 Measure the pH
– Using a narrow range pH paper, e.g. pH 6.4–8.0, spread a drop of liquef i ed semen on the paper.
– After 30 seconds, record the pH.
pH of normal semen: Should be pH 7.2 or more within 1 hour of ej*******on. When the pH is over 7.8 this may be due to infection. When the pH is below 7.0 and the semen is found to contain no s***m, this may indicate dysgenesis (failure to develop) of the vas deferens, seminal vesicles or epididymis.
3 Estimate the percentage of motile and viable s***matozoa
Motility – Place 1 drop (10– 15 μl ) of well-mixed liquef i ed semen on a slide and cover with a 20×20 mm or 22×22 mm cover glass.
*1 drop falling from a 21g needle is equivalent to a volume of 10–15 μl.
– Focus the specimen using the 10? objective.
Close the condenser iris suff i ciently to give good contrast. Ensure the s***matozoa are evenly dis-tributed (if not, re-mix the semen and examine a new preparation).
– Using the 40× objective, examine several fi elds to assess motility, i.e. whether excellent (rapid and progressive) or weak (slow and non-pro-gressive). Count a total of 100 s***matozoa, and note out of the hundred how many are motile.
Record the percentage that are motile and non-motile.
Normal motility: Over 50% of s***matozoa are motile within 60 minutes of ej*******on.
The s***matozoa remain motile for several hours.
When more than 60% of s***matozoa are non-motile, examine an eosin preparation to assess whether the s***matozoa are viable or non-viable.

⭕ ⭕
Ph value of water = 7
Ph value of milk = 6.4
Ph value of vinegar = 3
Ph value of human blood = 7.4
Ph value of lemon = 2.4
Ph value of NaCl = 7
Ph value of alcohol = 2.8
Ph value of human urine = 4.8-8.4
Ph value of seawater = 8.5
Ph value of tear = 7.4
Ph value of human saliva = 6.5-7.5
Other Acidic List
PH value of HCL = 0
PH value of H2SO4 = 1.0
Apple, soda's pH value = 3.0
PH value of pickle = 3.5-3.9
Tomato's pH value = 4.5
Banana pH value = 4.5-5.2
PH value of acid rain = around 5.0
Bread's pH value = 5.3-5.8
PH value of red meat = 5.4 to 6.2
PH value of charred cheese = 5.9
PH value of butter = 6.1 to 6.4
PH value of fish = 6.6 to 6.8
Other basicity list:
PH value of shampoo = 7.0 to 10
Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) pH value = 8.3
Toothpaste pH value = 9
PH value of magnesia milk = 10.5
Ammonia pH value = 11.0
PH value of hair stroking chemicals = 11.5 to 14
PH value of lime (calcium hydroxide) = 12.4
PH value of lye = 13.0
PH value of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) = 14.0
⭕ ⭕
> *Rx* = Treatment
> *Hx* = History
> *Dx* = Diagnosis
> *q* = Every
> *qd* = Every day
> *qod* = Every other day
> *qh* = Every Hour
> *S* = without
> *SS* = One & half
> *C* = With
> *SOS* = If needed
> *AC* = Before Meals
> *PC* = After meals
> *BID* = Twice a Day
> *TID* = Thrice a Day
> *QID* = Four times a day
> *OD* = Once a Day
> *BT* = Bed Time
> *hs* = Bed Time
> *BBF* = Before Breakfast
> *BD* = Before Dinner
> *Tw* = Twice a week
> *SQ* = sub cutaneous
> *IM* = Intramuscular
> *ID* = Intradermal
> *IV* = Intravenous
> *Q4H* = (every 4 hours)
> *QOD* = (every other day)
> *HS* = (at bedtime)
> *PRN* = (as needed)
> *PO or "per os"* (by mouth)
> *Mg* = (milligrams)
> *Mcg/ug* = (micrograms)
> *G or Gm* = (grams)
> *1TSF* (Teaspoon) = 5 ml
> *1 Tablespoonful* =15ml
~ *DDx* =differential Diagnosis
*Tx* =Treatment
*RTx* =Radiotherapy
*CTx* =Chemotherapy
*R/O* =rule out
*s.p* =status post
*PMH(x)* =post medical history
*Px* =Prognosis
*Ix* =Indication
*CIx* =contraindication
*Bx* =biopsy
*Cx* =complication...
⭕ ⭕
1. Which is known as ‘River of Life’?
*Answer: Blood*
2. Blood circulation was discovered by?
*Answer: William Harvey*
3. The total blood volume in an adult?
*Answer: 5-6 Litres*
4. The pH value of Human blood?
*Answer: 7.35-7.45*
5. The normal blood cholesterol level?
*Answer: 150-250 mg/100 ml*
6. The fluid part of blood?
*Answer: Plasma*
7. Plasma protein fibrinogen has an active role in?
*Answer: Clotting of blood*
8. Plasma protein globulins functions as?
*Answer: Antibodies*
9. Plasma proteins maintain the blood pH?
*Answer: Albumins*
10. Biconcave discs shaped blood cell?
*Answer: RBC* (Erythrocytes)
*11. Non nucleated blood cell?*
*Answer: RBC* (Erythrocytes)
12. Respiratory pigments present in RBC?
*Answer: Haemoglobin*
13. Red pigment present in RBC?
*Answer: Haemoglobin*
14. RBC produced in the?
*Answer: Bone marrow*
15. Iron containing pigment of Haemoglobin?
*Answer: Haem*
16. Protein containing pigment of Haemoglobin?
*Answer: Globin*
17. Graveyard of RBC?
*Answer: Spleen*
18. Blood bank in the body?
*Answer: Spleen*
19. Life span of RBC?
*Answer: 120 Days*
20. Total count is measured by an instrument known as?
*Answer: Haemocytometer*
21. A decrease in RBC count is known as?
*Answer: Anemia*
22. An increase in RBC count is known as?
*Answer: Polycythemia*
23. A high concentration of bilirubin in the blood causes?
*Answer: Jaundice*
24. The disease resistant blood cell?
*Answer: WBC (leucocytes)*
25. Which WBC is known as soldiers of the body?
*Answer: Neutrophils*
26. Largest WBC?
*Answer: Monocyes*
27. Smallest WBC?
*Answer: Lymphocytes*
28. Antibodies producing WBC?
*Answer: Lymphocytes*
29. Life span of WBC?
*Answer: 10-15 days*
30. Blood cell performs an important role in blood clotting?
*Answer: Thrombocytes (Platelets)*
31. Vessels is called?
*Answer: Thrombus*
32. Anticoagulant present in Blood?
*Answer: Heparin*
33. A hereditary bleeding disease?
*Answer: Haemophilia*
34. Bleeder’s disease?
*Answer: Haemophilia*
35. Christmas disease?
*Answer: Haemophilia*
36. A type of Anemia with sickle shaped RBC?
*Answer: Sickle cell anemia*
37. Viscosity of Blood?
*Answer: 4.5 to 5.5*
38. Instrument used to measure haemoglobin?
*Answer: Haemoglobinometer*
39. Who demonstrated blood groups?
*Answer: Karl Landsteiner*
40. Who demonstrated Rh factor?
*Answer: Karl Landsteiner*
41. Blood group which is called Universal donor?
*Answer: O*
42. Blood group which is called Universal recipient?
*Answer: AB*
43. Blood group is most common among the Asians?
*Answer: B*
⭕ ⭕
Everybody should know the basic functioning of Human Body and its main parts in order to express and explain their ailment to the Doctor and at the same time one should be able to understand the diagnosis expressed by the Doctor in the medical terminology. For easy recognition of the Compounded Words used in the Medical Terminology for naming the disease, Suffixes are added to Prefixes. For this hereunder giving you a few such prefixes for your ready reference and understanding.
⭕ - ⭕
*1. Adeno* - Glandular
*2. An* - Not
*3. Anti* - Against
*4. Aorto* - Aorta
*5. Artho* - joint
*6. Bleph* - Eyelid
*7. Broncho* - Bronchi
*8. Cardio* - Heart
*9. Cephal* - Head
*10. Cerebro* - Brain
*11. Cervico* - Cervix
*12. Cholecysto* - Gall Bladder
*13. Coli* - Bowel
*14. Colpo* - Va**na
*15. Entero* - Intestine
*16. Gastro* - Stomach
*17. Glosso* - Tongue
*18. Haema* - Blood
*19. Hepa* - Liver
*20. Hystero* - Uterus
*21. Laryngo* - Larynx
*22. Leuco* - White
*23. Metro* - Uterus
*24. Myelo* - Spinal cord
*25. Myo* - Muscle
*26. Nephro* - Kidney
*27. Neuro* - Nerve
*28. Odonto* - Tooth
*29. Orchido* - Te**is
*30. Osteo* - Bone
*31. Oto* - Ear
*32. Pharyngo* - Pharynx
*33. Pio* - Pus
*34. Pneumo* - Lung
*35. Ren* - Kidney
*36. Rhin* - Nose
*37. Spleno* - Spleen
*38. Thyro* - Thyroid Gland
*39. Urethro* - Urethra
*40. Vesico* – Bladder
*Here are the suffixes used in Medical terminology. Check out!Suffix - Meaning*
*1. -aemia* : Blood
*2. -algia* : Pain
*3. -derm* : skin
*4. -dynia* : pain
*5. -ectomy* : removal
*6. -Itis* : inflammation
*7. -lithiasis* : Presence of Stone
*8. -malacia* : softening
*9. -oma* : tumour
*10. -opia* : eye
*11. -osis* : Condition,excess
*12. -otomy* : incision of
*13. -phobia* : fear
*14. -plasty* : surgery
*15. -plegia* : peralysis
*16. -ptosis* : falling
*17. -rhoea* : excessive discharge
*18. -rhage* : to burst forth
*19. -rhythmia* : rhythm.
*20. -stasis* : stoppage of movement
*21. -sthenia* : weakness
*22. -stomy* : outlet
*23. -tomy* : removal
*24. -trophy* : nourishment
*25. -uria* : urine
⭕ - Meaning⭕
*1. Anaemia* - Deficiency of haemoglobin in the blood
*2. Analgesic* - Medicine which alleviates pain
*3. Arthralgia* - Pain in a joint
*4. Cephalalgia* - Headache
*5. Nephralgia* - Pain in the kidney
*6. Neuralgia* - Nerve pain
*7. Myalgia* - Muscle pain
*8. Otalgia* - Ear ache
*9. Gastralgia* - Pain in the stomach
*10. Pyoderma* - Skin infection with pus formation
*11. Leucoderma* - Defective skin pigmentaion
*12. Hysterodynia* - Pain in the uterus
*13. Hysterectomy* - Excision of the uterus
*14. Nephrectomy* - Excision of a kidney
*15. Adenectomy* - Excision of a gland
*16. Cholecystectomy* - Excision of gall bladder
*17. Thyroidectomy* - Excision of thyroid gland
*18. Arthritis* - Inflammation of a joint
*19. Bronchitis* - Inflammation of the bronchi
*20. Carditis* - Inflammation of the heart
*21. Cervicitis* - Inflammation of the cervix
*22. Colitis* - Inflammation of the colon
*23. Colpitis* - Inflammation of the va**na
*24. Cystitis* - Inflammation of the urinary bladder
*25. Enteritis* - Inflammation of the intestines
*26. Gastritis* - Inflammation of the stomach
*27. Glossitis* - Inflammation of the tongue
*28. Hepatitis* - Inflammation of the liver
*29. Laryngitis* - Inflammation of the larynx
*30. Metritis* - Inflammation of the uterus
*31. Myelitis* - Inflammation of the spinal cord
*32. Nephritis* - Inflammation of the kidney
*33. Pharyngitis* - Inflammation of the pharynx
*34. Blepharitis* - Inflammation of the eyelids
*35. Cholelithiasis* - Stone in the gall bladder
*36. Nephrolithiasis* - Stone in the kidney
*37. Osteomalacia* - Softening of bones through deficiency of calcium or D vitamin
*38. Adenoma* -Benign tumour of glandular tissue
*39. Myoma* - Tumour of muscle
*40. Diplopia* - Double vision
*41. Thrombosis* - Formation of a blood clot
*42. Pyloromyotomy* - Incision of pyloric sphincter muscle
*43. Hedrophobia* - Fear of water(Rabies in humans)
*44. Neuroplasty* - Surgical repair of nerves
*45. Pyloraplasty* - Incision of plastic pylorus to widen passage
*46. Hemiplegia* - Paralysis of one side of the body
*47. Nephroptosis* - Downward displacement of the kidney
*48. Amenorrhoea* - Absence of menstrual discharge
*49. Dysmenorrhoea* - Painful menstruation
*50. Leucorrhoea* - Whitish va**nal discharge
*51. Menorrhoea* - Menstrual bleeding
*52. Haemorrhage* - Escape of blood from a vessel
*53. Arrhythmia* - Any deviation of normal rhythm of heart
*54. Cholestasis* - Diminution in the flow of bile
*55. Haemostatis* - Arrest of bleeding
*56. Neurasthenia* - Nervous debility
*57. Cystostomy* - Surgical opening made into the bladder
*58. Cystotomy* - Incision into the urinary bladder
*59. Hypertrophy* - Increase in the size of tissues
*60. Haematuria* - Blood in the urine
*61. Glycosuria* - Presence of sugar in the urine
Remember me in your prayers🥀
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1. Oxygen—O₂
2. Nitrogen—N₂
3. The hydrogen—H₂
4. Carbon dioxide—CO₂
5. Carbon monoxide—CO
6. Sulfur dioxide—SO₂
7. Nitrogen dioxide—NO₂
8. Nitrogen monooxide (nitric oxide) — NO
9. Dinitrogen oxide (sites oxide) — N₂O
10. Chlorine — Cl₂
11. The hydrogen chloride—HCl
12. Ammonia — NH₃
Sour
13. Hidrochloride acid — HCl
14. Sulfuric acid — H₂SO₄
15. Nitric acid — HNO₃
16. Phosphoric acid — H₃PO₄
17. Carbon acid — H₂CO₃
X will
18. Sodium hidroxi—NaOH
19. Potassium hidroxi—KOH
20. Calcium hidroxi—Ca(OH)₂
On
21. Sodium chloride—NaCl
22. Carbonate of sodium—Na₂CO₃
23. Calcium carbonate — CaCO₃
24. Calcium sulphate — CaSO₄
25. Ammonium sulphate — (NH₄)₂SO₄
26. Nitrate potassium—KNO₃
Our chemicals that commercial on chemical x
Professional x — IAPUC x — atomic formula
27. Wheel — calcium carbonate — CaCO₃
28. -- Why the truth — glucose — C6H₁₂O6
Alcohol — the 29. Alcohol — C₂H5OH
30. Cystic bowel — potassium hidroxi — KOH
31. Khan why soda — sodium bicarbonate — NaHCO₃
32. Sun — acid calcium — CaO
33. Gypsum — calcium sulphate — CaSO₄.2H₂O
34. T.L.T. — Try blaze Stalin — C6H₂CH₃(NO₂)₃
35. Dhoni Ka soda — sodium carbonate — Na₂CO₃
36. The edges of the too — copper sulphate — CuSO₄
37. USD — ammonium chloride — NH₄Cl
38. Fire — potassium aluminum sulphate — K₂SO₄Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O
39. Busy then — calcium hidroxi — Ca(OH)₂
40. Activator — starch — C6H10O5
41. Leaping is — sites acid — N₂O
42. Red dwaraka — potassium permanent — KMnO₄
43. Li establishment of Dharma — did peroxide — Pb₃O₄
44. Dry ice — concrete carbon-di-acid — CO₂
45. Show — potassium nitrate — KNO₃
46. Vinegar — acetic acid why ve bunch — CH₃COOH
47. Suhagra — borax — Na₂B₄O7.10H₂O
48. Sprite — mail alcohol — CH₃OH
49. Slate — silica aluminum acid — Al₂O₃2SiO₂.2H₂O
50.Lost keys — fire of the sulphate — Fe₂(SO₄)
...

SOME IMPORTANT MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY.

> *Rx* = Treatment
> *Hx* = History
> *Dx* = Diagnosis
> *q* = Every
> *qd* = Every day
> *qod* = Every other day
> *qh* = Every Hour
> *S* = without
> *SS* = One & half
> *C* = With
> *SOS* = If needed
> *AC* = Before Meals
> *PC* = After meals
> *BID* = Twice a Day
> *TID* = Thrice a Day
> *QID* = Four times a day
> *OD* = Once a Day
> *BT* = Bed Time
> *hs* = Bed Time
> *BBF* = Before Breakfast
> *BD* = Before Dinner
> *Tw* = Twice a week
> *SQ* = sub cutaneous
> *IM* = Intramuscular
> *ID* = Intradermal
> *IV* = Intravenous

Drx
*Knowledge About Blood*
1. Which is known as ‘River of Life’?
*Answer: Blood*
2. Blood circulation was discovered by?
*Answer: William Harvey*
3. The total blood volume in an adult?
*Answer: 5-6 Litres*
4. The pH value of Human blood?
*Answer: 7.35-7.45*
5. The normal blood cholesterol level?
*Answer: 150-250 mg/100 ml*
6. The fluid part of blood?
*Answer: Plasma*
7. Plasma protein fibrinogen has an active role in?
*Answer: Clotting of blood*
8. Plasma protein globulins functions as?
*Answer: Antibodies*
9. Plasma proteins maintain the blood pH?
*Answer: Albumins*
10. Biconcave discs shaped blood cell?
*Answer: RBC* (Erythrocytes)
*11. Non nucleated blood cell?*
*Answer: RBC* (Erythrocytes)
12. Respiratory pigments present in RBC?
*Answer: Haemoglobin*
13. Red pigment present in RBC?
*Answer: Haemoglobin*
14. RBC produced in the?
*Answer: Bone marrow*
15. Iron containing pigment of Haemoglobin?
*Answer: Haem*
16. Protein containing pigment of Haemoglobin?
*Answer: Globin*
17. Graveyard of RBC?
*Answer: Spleen*
18. Blood bank in the body?
*Answer: Spleen*
19. Life span of RBC?
*Answer: 120 Days*
20. Total count is measured by an instrument known as?
*Answer: Haemocytometer*
21. A decrease in RBC count is known as?
*Answer: Anemia*
22. An increase in RBC count is known as?
*Answer: Polycythemia*
23. A high concentration of bilirubin in the blood causes?
*Answer: Jaundice*
24. The disease r

:

DEFINITION:
- Human f***s is called as .
- It is the waste residue of indigestible materials of an animal’s digestive tract expelled through the a**s during defecation.
- Meconium is newborn’s first f***s.
- SCATOLOGY or CAPROLOGY is the study of f***s.

COMPOSITION:
• ¾ Water, ¼ Solid
• Undigested and Unabsorbed food
• Intestinal secretions, Mucous
• Bile pigments and Salts
• Bacteria and Inorganic material
• Epithelial cells, Leukocytes

COLLECTION:
• Universal Precautions
• Stool should be collected in a dry, sterilized, wide mouthed container.
• It should be uncontaminated with Urine or any other body secretions.
• Properly named and always a fresh sample should be tested.

MACROSCOPIC EXAMINATION:
• Volume