Mysore State - Karnataka

ಜೈ ಶಿವಾಜಿ ಅಂತ ಘೋಷಣೆ ಕೂಗಿ ಬೆಳಗಾವಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕನ್ನಡಿಗರನ್ನು ಥಳಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಎಲ್ಲಿದ್ದಿಯಾ ಯತ್ನಾಳ

#ನಾಡದ್ರೋಹಿ

ಮರಾಠ ಸೈನ್ಯ ಅಂದರೆ ಹಿಂದು ಧರ್ಮ ಉಳಿಸಿದ ಅನ್ನುವ ನಾರ್ಮದ ಗಳ ಅವರು ಮಾಡಿದ ಅನಾಚಾರ, ಹಿಂದೂ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಗಳ ಲೂಟಿ. ಹಿಂದೂ ಮಹಿಳೆಯರ ಮೇಲೆ‌ ಅತ್ಯಾಚಾರ ಅದರ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ ಸಮೇತ್ ವಿವರಿಸಿದ್ದೀವಿ.

ಮರಾಠಿಗರು ನಮಗೇನು ಕೊಟ್ಟಿದ್ದಾರೆ ಓದಿ ತಿಳಿದುಕೊ ಮೊದಲು
ಹಳೇ ಮೈಸೂರು ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಮರಾಠರ ಅಟ್ಟಹಾಸದ ಕೆಲವು ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗಳ:
ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆ - ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ 1771 ಮರದ ರಥವನ್ನು ಸುಟ್ಟುಹಾಕಿದರು
ನಾಗಮಂಗಲ - ಮಂಡ್ಯ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ 1791 ಸುಮಾರು ಒಂದೂವರೆ ಲಕ್ಷ ತೆಂಗಿನಮರಗಳ ನಾಶ
ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗ್ - ಪರಶುರಾಮ್ ಭೊವ್ ಮರಾಠ ಸೈನ್ಯ ಎಲ್ಲ್ಲಾ 6000 ಸಾವಿರ ಮನೆಗಳನ್ನು ಸುಟ್ಟುರು
ಶೃಂಗೇರಿ ಮಠದ ಲೂಟಿ 1791
ಕೂಡ್ಲಿ ಮಠದ ಲೂಟಿ 1791 ಜನರ ಕಗ್ಗೊಲೆ
ಶ್ರೀರಂಗಪಟ್ಟಣದ ಅಪಾರ ಶ್ರೀಮಂತಿಕೆಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಕಣ್ಣಿಟ್ಟಿದ್ದ ಮರಾಠರು ಹಲವು ಭಾರಿ ದಾಳಿಯಿಡುತ್ತಾರೆ 1600-1700
ಮೈಸೂರಿಗೆ ಧಾಳಿಯಿಟ್ಟ ಮರಾಠರು ಮಹಾರಾಜರಿಂದ ಹಣವನ್ನು ವಸೂಲಿ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಂಡು ಹೋಗುತ್ತಾರೆ 1750-1755
ಚಿಕ್ಕದೇವರಾಯರು ಕಾಲವಾದ ನಂತರ ಶ್ರೀರಂಗ ಪಟ್ಟಣದಲ್ಲಿ "ಹರಹರ ಮಹಾದೇವ್" ಎನ್ನುವ ಮರಾಠರ ಕೂಗು ಆಗಾಗ ಕೇಳುವುದು ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯವಾಗುಬಿಡುತ್ತದೆ.
ಮೈಸೂರಿನ ಬಹುಬಾಗವನ್ನು ವಶಪಡಿಕೊಂಡ ನಂತರ ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ,ಮಾಕಳಿದುರ್ಗ ವನ್ನು ಪಡೆತಲು ವಿಫಲವಾಗಿ ಬೆಂಗಳೂರಿನ ಸುತ್ತಮುತ್ತಲಿನ ಹಳ್ಳಿಗಳನ್ನು ದ್ವಂಸ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ-1750
ಮಧುಗಿರಿಯನ್ನು(ತುಮಕೂರು) ಹಲವು ಬಾರಿ ಮುತ್ತಿ ನಾಶಮಾಡುತ್ತರೆ-ಬಲವಂತ ರಾವ್ ಮರಾಠ ಸೈನ್ಯ 1791 Mysore Gazetteer 1897

ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಬುಚಾನ್ ರವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಪ್ರವಾಸದ ವೇಳೆ ಕಂಡದ್ದನ್ನುFrancis Buchanan ('A journey from Madras through the countries of Mysore, Canara, and Malabar', in 3 volumes, 1807)ರಲ್ಲಿ ದಾಖಲಿಸಿರುವಂತೆ ಮರಾಠರು ದ್ವಂಸ ಮಾಡಿದ ಕೆಲವು ಊರುಗಳ ವಿವರ:
1) ಮಧುಗಿರಿ Madhugiri town (Tumakuru District) was a apparently prosperous under Haidar Ali but suffered under Maratha rule.
2) ಚಿನ್ನ Chinna village (Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya District): The village was desolate when Buchanan visited it in 1801-02.
3) ಮೇಲುಕೋಟೆ Melukote (Mandya District): Melukote (or Melkote) is a popular Hindu pilgrimage centre having numerous Hindu temples. It was often the scene of Mysore-Maratha battles. During the 1771 invasion of the Maratha soldiers set afire to the temple chariots (rathas or raths) to get their hands on the iron in them. In the process many temples caught fire and were burnt. Writing on 29 August 1800, Buchanan claims that Melukote has not yet recovered from the Maratha invasions.
4) ಕಟ್ಟೆ ಮಲವಾಡಿ village (Hunsur Taluk, Mysore District): When the town was destroyed by Badji Row in 1771 most people perished
5) ಸತ್ಯಗಾಲ Satyagalu (probably today's Satyagala village, Hunsur Taluk, Mysore District): Destroyed
6) ಸಿಂಗಾನೆಲ್ಲೂರು Singanaluru town: Destroyed
7) ಸೊಂಡ Sonda village (Sirsi Taluk, Uttara Kannada District): Under king Immady Sadasiva the town suffered from attacks by Marathas led by Gopal Rao (Row as the Brits spelled)
8) ಸುಂಟಿಕೊಪ್ಪ Sunticoppa town (Suntikoppa, Madikeri Taluk, Kodagu or Coorg District): 'Devastated by Maratha Peshwa'
9) ಬಸವಪಟ್ನ Basavapatna village (Arkalgud Taluk, Hassan District): Destroyed during the 1771-72 Maratha invasion it was apparently rebuilt by the British after the final Anglo-Mysore War in 1799
10) ಸಿದ್ದರಾಮನಹಳ್ಳಿ Siddaramanahally (probably Siddaramanahalli village, Kadur Taluk, Chikmagalur District): Affected
11) ಹಿರಿಯೂರು Hiriyur (Chitradurga District): Affected
12) ಬಾಣಾವರ Banavara (Hassan District): Suffered
13) ನಾಗಪುರಿ Nagapuri (Hassan District): Haidar Ali built a fort amidst hills to protect people but still could not prevent the Marathas from plundering it in 1771-72
14) ಜಾಮಗಲ್ಲುJamagulla (probably Javagal village, Arasikere Taluk, Hassan District): A large place that never recovered from the Marhata invasion
15) ಶಾಂತಿ ಗ್ರಾಮ Grama (probably Shantigrama village, Hassan District): Suffered under Maratha invasion

ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷ್ ಜೊತೆಗೂಡಿ ಮರಾಠ ಹರಿಪಂತ್ ,ಪರಶುರಾಮ್ ಬೊವ್ ನೇತ್ರತ್ವದಲ್ಲಿ ನಡೆದ ಹತ್ಯಾಕಾಂಡ,ಮಾನಭಂಗ, ಲೂಟಿ,ದ್ವಂಸ ಗಳನ್ನು'A narrative of the operations of Captain Little's detachment, and of the Mahratta army, commanded by Purseram Bhow-1790-92 published 1794 by j.johnson ರಲ್ಲಿ ಬರೆದು ಪ್ರಕಟಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ

1)ಹರಿಹರ Harihar (spelled 'Hurryhar' by Brits), Davanagere District: 'Scenes of death and destruction'
2)ಹಿರಿಯೂರು Hiriyur, Chitradurga District: Burnt
3) ಚಿತ್ರದುರ್ಗ Chitradurga town: Looted, Looting parties around it
4) ಚಕ್ಕಲಿಹೊಳೆ Chicklehooly: Mahrata soldiers quarrelled with everyone enroute & carried away things without paying
5) ತುಲಕ Tulkh (modern name unknown): Looted and burnt
6ಗುಂಟನೂರು Guntnoor, 10 miles north of Chitradurga (modern name unknown): Burnt
7)ದುಂಡರಗುಟ್ಟೆ Dunderguttee, 6 miles north of Channageri (modern name unknown): Burnt
8) ಹತ್ತು ಊರುಗಳು ಹೊತ್ತಿ ಉರಿಯುತ್ತಿದ್ದ ದ್ರುಶ್ಯ- ದಾವಣಗೆರೆSight of 10 villages burning at a single time near Channageri (Davanagere District)
9) ಬೈದರಹಳ್ಳಿ Baderooelly, on the banks of Tunga (Byadra Hosahally?/ Modern name unknown): Looted
10) ಗಾಜನೂರು Gajanur (spelled Gajanoor by Brits), Shivamogga District: Burnt and looted
11) ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗShivamogga (Shimoga): Looted and partly burnt. A cobbler's (Dalit's) wife r***d and killed by an accomplice of Bhow
12) ದೇವರಾಯನ ದುರ್ಗ Devarayanadurga, Tumakuru District: Looted
13) ದಾರವಾಡ Dharwar town: Looted
14) ದಾರವಾಡ ಸುತ್ತಮುತ್ತಲಿನ ಊರುಗಳು 'A number of small towns and villages in the vicinity of Dharwar': 'Razed'
ಮರಾಠರು ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷರುಸೇರಿ ಮಾಡಿದ ಹಿಪ್ಪುನೇರಳೆ ಬೆಳೆಗಳ ನಾಶ
ಪ್ರತ್ಯಕ್ಷ್ಯ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ ಯಾದ ಬ್ರಿಟೀಷ್ ಸೈನ್ಯದ ಮೇಜರ್ ಡಿರೋಮ್ ತಮ್ಮ ಪುಸ್ತಕ A narrative of the campaign in India, which terminated the war with Tippoo Sultan in 1792', published in 1793 ದಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಲವು ಸಂಗತಿಗಳನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ: ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಬುಚಾನ್ ರು ತಿಳಿಸಿದ್ದ ಕೆಲವು ಸಂಗತಿಗಳು ಇಲ್ಲಿ ತಾಳೆಯಾಗುತ್ತವೆ.

1) ದೊಡ್ಡಬೈಲೆ Dodda Bailea (near Madhugiri), Tumakuru District: 'Sufferred extremely'
2) ಮಧುಗಿರಿ Madhugiri, Tumakuru District: 'Destruction completed'
3) ಬಡವನಹಳ್ಳಿ Badavanahally (between Sira and Madhugiri), Tumakuru District: Half of population not recovered in 1801 after the village 'fell into the hands of Bhow's army' in 1791
4) ಸಿರಾ Sira town, Tumakuru District: During Dilwar Khan's reign the town had 50,000 houses which were reduced to 300 by the Marhata invasions. In 1791, the Maratha army under Hari Punt and Parsuram Bhow camped at the Sira Fort.
5) ಸಿರಾ ಸುತ್ತ ಮುತ್ತಲಿನ ಹಳ್ಳಿಗಳು Villages around Sira, Tumakuru District: Purseram Bhow and Hurry Punt's men 'Destroyed most of the villages in the neighbourhood' which continued to be 'in ruins' when Bhow visited it in 1801.
6) ಸಿರಾ ದಿಂದ ಮಡಕಸಿರಾ ವರೆಗೂ Sira to Midgeshi town (Tumakuru District) country laid waste by Parasuram Bhow yet to recover
7) ಮೂಕನಾಯಕನ ಕೋಟೆ Mooka Nayakana Kote or MN Kote (spelled 'Muga-Nayakana-Cotay' by British), Tumakuru District: During one of their looting sprees the Maratha horse attacked the village. The villagers fought back and the Maratha army looters had to retreat but not before carryin away young girls.
8) ಚಿಕ್ಕನಾಯಕನ ಹಳ್ಳಿ Chikka Nayakana Halli town (Tumakuru District) was visited by Buchanan on 20 and 21 August 1800. Apparently the people were looted by Bhow's men both while marching onto and returning from Srirangapatna . The Maratha invasion destroyed half the arecanut and coconut and trees were cut down.
9) ತುರುವೇಕೆರೆ Turuvekere town (Tumakuru District) was visited on 21 Aug. 1800. Author claims there was 'merciless destruction' by Bhow. The horsegram fields and arecanut gardens were desolate.
10) ನಾಗಮಂಗಲ Nagamangla town (Mandya District) was visited on 21 August 1800. Before Bhow's invasion the town had 1,500 houses and only 200 remained after his destruction. Apparently 150,000 (1.5 lakh) palm trees were cut. Half the farmers, mainly from the Tigala community, had fled the area.
11) ಪಾಲಳ್ಳಿ Palhalli village, Mandya District (near Ranganathitoo Bird Sanctuary): Suffered from Maratha Army 'terror'.
12) Between Sicanay Pura & Muloor (Mandya District): Agriculture destroyed by the Marhata army and Cornwallis' invasion
13) Satyagalu village (Mysore/Mandya District): All 1,000 houses were destroyed by Maratha army during Cornwallis' invasion.
14)ಬೈಲೂರು Bailuru near Honnavara (Uttara Kannada District): Suffered
15) ಭಟ್ಕಳ Bhatkal town (Uttara Kannada District): Plundered by the Maratha army during Cornwallis
16) ಮಂಡ ಗದ್ದೆ Manda Gadde, Shivamogga District was a prosperous town until Bhow destroyed it
17) ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗShivamogga (Shimoga): Apparently Bhow destroyed all 6,000 houses,carried away women.
18) ಕೂಡ್ಲಿ village,Shivamogga District was plundered and burnt. Bhow's men did not even spare the Kudali Swamy Mutt which was burnt. Bhow is said to have murdered all Shudras of the town in cold-blood despite them being unarmed and not taking part in the war. But it is to be note that the kind-hearted Kudli Swamy helped people in the famine that followed the destruction by Maratha army.
19) ಸಾಸಿವನಹಳ್ಳೀ : Visiting this place on 4 April 1801 Buchanan found the country desolate 'due to Bhow'.
20) ಮಳೆಬೆನ್ನೂರು Malebennur town: Destroyed
21) ಹರಿಹರ Harihar town: Bhow looted the people and many died of hunger
22) ಕೋಡುಗನೂರು Koduganar, Chitradurga District: Whole of Chitrakal province was 'reduced to a desert' by Bhow
23) ಅಳಿಗುಟ್ಟ Aligutta village, Chitradurga District: Land is barren due to Marhata invasions of 1771 & then again by Bhow in 1791.
24) ಹಿರಿಯೂರು Hiriyur town was affected by Bhow's invasion and the subsequent famine that followed
25) ಬೆಳ್ಳುಗುರುBelluguru: Buchanan visited this on 8 May 1801 and found that the land was uncultivated due to Bhow's army passing by
26) ಗರುಡನ ಗಿರಿ Garudanagiri village was found to be depopulated on 9th May 1801 due to Bhow
27) ಬಾಣಾವರ Banavara town, Hassan District: Suffered by invasions of Bhow
28) ಹಾಸನ Hassan town: Buchanan claims only one quarter of agriculture remained due to the Maratha invasion
ಲಿವಿನ್ ಬೊತಮ್ ಬೌರಿಂಗ್ ಹೇಳುವಂತೆ ಮೈಸೂರು ಪ್ರಾಂತ್ಯದ ಉತ್ತರ ಭಾಗವು ಅತಿಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಲೂಟಿಯಾಗಿತ್ತು.ಜನರು ತಮ್ಮ ಮನೆಮಠಗಳನ್ನು ಬಿಟ್ಟು ಗುಳೆ ಹೋಗಿ ಊರೂರು ಸುತ್ತಿ ಹಲವು ವರ್ಷಗಳ ನಂತರ ತಮ್ಮ ಊರುಗಳಿಗೆ ಮರಳಿದ್ದರು.
ಮರಾಠರ ದಾಳೀಯ 80 ವರ್ಷಗಳ ನಂತರ ಫ್ರಾನ್ಸಿಸ್ ಬುಚಾನ್ ರು ಶಿವಮೊಗ್ಗಗೆ ಬೇಟಿಯಿತ್ತು ಆ ಊರು ಇನ್ನೂ ಚೇತರಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ಬರೆಯಿತ್ತಾರೆ.
ಬಿ.ಎಲ್ ರೈಸ್ ರವರು Rice.B.L. who compiled the 'Mysore A Gazetteer compiled for Government' (1897) ನಲ್ಲಿ ಮರಾಠರ ಮೂರುತಿಂಗಳ ವಾಸ್ತ್ ವ್ಯ್ ದಿಂದ ಛಿದ್ರವಾಗಿದ್ದ ಮಧುಗಿರಿ ನೂರುವರ್ಷದ ನಂತವೂ ಚೇತರಿಸಿಕೊಂಡಿಲ್ಲ ವೆಂದು ದಾಖಲಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ.
In March 1792, representatives of the East India Company, the Hyderabad Nizamat and the Maratha Peshwa met with Tipu Sultan to sign the Treaty of Srirangapatnam. A brigade of Company soldiers was made to tag along the armies of the Nizamat and Peshwai armies. Capt. Little’s detachment accompanied the smaller Maratha Army of Bhau Parshuram Patwardhan. Bhau and the detachment went from Srirangapatnam to Poona and Bombay . During this march through present-day Karnataka state, Bhau’s army displaced many local officials and disrupted normal life in efforts to secure the newly gained territories. Edward Moor, a member of Capt. Little’s detachment wrote a detailed eye-witness account of this journey.
In his account, Moor tells how the Marathas set ablaze the entire town of Santa Bednur (present-day Santhebennur, distt. Davanegere)
The Marathas also ransacked the town of Erroor (present-day Hiriyur, near Chitradurga) after the town had paid ransom to the Marathas. The Bhau had promised protection to this town. The same fate befell Dooridoorg (the author could not identify this town) that was ‘plundered as usual by the Marathas’

ಹೊಸ ವರ್ಷಕ್ಕೆ ಮರಾಠರು ಬ್ರಿಟಿಷರಿಗೆ ಕೊಟ ಬೀಫ್ ಪಾರ್ಟಿ :
From Moor’s account, it would seem that the Marathas were either unaware or oblivious to cow-killing by the Englishmen in their party. Moor happily talks about not just eating, but slaughtering an ox and making smoked sirloin in the Maratha camp on Christmas 1791. He writes
This being so great a day with us Christians, we thought our religion should not give way to that of Brama, and … we sacrificed an ox. [W]e were not … so very scrupulous as, perhaps, we ought to have been … after a long march, however, our roast beef stomachs were cheered by the pleasing appearance of a smoaking sirloin, that no wonder we forgot the impiety of such an offering in a Bramin’s camp. [6]

ಕನ್ನಡಿಗರನ್ನು ಲೂಟಿ ಹೊಡೆದ ಕನ್ನಡ ರಾಜರುಗಳು ಮೇಲೆ ಆಕ್ರಮಣ ಮಾಡಿದ ಶಿವಾಜಿಯನ್ನು ಕನ್ನಡಿಗರು ತಿರಸ್ಕರಿಸಿ

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#ಕನ್ನಡಿಗರಅಸ್ಮಿತೆ

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