Makgaleng B.T

Jupiter is the largest planet of the solar system. It is called Jupiter because it permeates in its course, i.e. penetrates and goes on and finds in it without apathy or refraction. Jupiter was known to ancient astronomers and was associated with the myths and religions of many peoples. The Romans called him Jupiter, the god of sky and lightning. Jupiter appears from Earth with great brightness, with an apparent magnitude of −2.94, which makes it the third brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus.

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and the largest planet in the solar system. It is a gas giant and its mass is just less than 1/1000 of the mass of the Sun, but it is equal to two-thirds of the mass of the rest of the planets in the group. The classification of gas giants includes Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, in addition to Jupiter. and these four planets are called Juvenil planets.

Jupiter is mainly made of hydrogen, with helium making up just under a quarter of its mass. It often contains a rocky core made up of heavier elements. Jupiter has an oblate spherical shape due to its high speed of rotation. The outer atmosphere shows a clear differentiation of several bands at different longitudes. Which leads to turbulence and storms along these boundaries. The result of this is also one of Jupiter's distinguishing features, the Great Red Spot, a giant storm known at least since the seventeenth century when it was first observed by the telescope. Surrounding the planet's faint rings system, and a strong magnetic field. There are also 67 moons orbiting around it, including four large moons called Galilean moons, which were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. The largest of these moons, Ganymede, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.

Several astronomical missions were sent to explore Jupiter, mostly during the beginning of the Pioneer and Voyager programs and later by the Galileo orbiter. The last spacecraft to fly over Jupiter was New Horizons in 2007. This probe used Jupiter's gravity to accelerate it to continue its journey towards Pluto, until the Juno probe was able to reach Jupiter's orbit on June 4, 2016. Its data may contribute to us knowing the beginnings of the formation of the solar system . Future trips to Jupiter and the underground planets will aim to explore the possibility of a liquid ocean beneath Europa's ice sheet.

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