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β Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Anatomy β
πͺ Origins:
π΄ Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
π΄ Posterior border of the ulna
πͺ Insertion:
π΅ Base of the fifth metacarpal (little finger)
πͺ Actions:
βͺ Extends the wrist
βͺ Adducts the wrist
πͺ Nerve:
πΆ Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
πͺ Artery:
πΊ Ulnar artery
πΊPosterior interosseous artery
π₯ Explore the detailed anatomy of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle with my YouTube video:
https://youtu.be/qEkCtxJdxBE
Or simply search 'Bodyworks Prime' on YouTube.
π Dive deeper into the dedicated anatomy article on the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle here: https://bodyworksprime.com/extensor-carpi-ulnaris/
Humans possess diverse muscle fiber types (Type 1, Type 2A, Type 2X) designed for specific tasks:
π΄ Type 1 (Slow-twitch): Rich in oxidative metabolism, they primarily use oxygen for energy. Packed with mitochondria and myoglobin, they're reddish & fatigue-resistant. Perfect for endurance tasks like marathons.
π΅ Type 2A: A fast-twitch intermediate between Type 1 & 2X. They contract faster than Type 1 and use both aerobic & anaerobic energy. Suited for activities demanding a balance of strength and stamina, like middle-distance running or high-rep and short rest period weightlifting.
βͺ Type 2X (Fast-twitch): Built for short, powerful actions relying on anaerobic metabolism. Less abundant but essential for high-force tasks like sprinting or olympic lifts.
πΊ My 'Muscle Fiber Types Explained' YouTube video: https://youtu.be/GDB2kCacNPk
π My muscle fiber types article:
https://bodyworksprime.com/muscle-fiber-types/
The erector spinae is a large and long group of muscles located on the back of the body. The erector spinae consists of: the spinalis, the longissimus, and the iliocostalis. Each muscle has 3 sections.
πͺ Spinalis Origins πͺ
π΄ Spinalis capitis: spinous processes of C6-T2 and nuchal ligament
π΄ Spinalis cervicis: spinous processes of C7-T1 and nuchal ligament
π΄ Spinalis thoracis: spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebrae
πͺ Longissimus Origins πͺ
π΄ Longissimus capitis: transverse processes of C4-T4
π΄ Longissimus cervicis: transverse processes of T1-T4
π΄ Longissimus thoracis: dorsal surface of sacrum & median sacral crest, posterior superior iliac spine, & transverse processes of L1-L5
πͺ Iliocostalis Origins πͺ
π΄ Iliocostalis cervicis: angle of ribs 3-6
π΄ Iliocostalis thoracis: angle of ribs 7-12
π΄ Iliocostalis lumborum: medial end of iliac crest, lateral crest of sacrum, & thoracolumbar fascia
πͺ Spinalis Insertions πͺ
π΅ Spinalis capitis: occiput
π΅ Spinalis cervicis: spinous processes of C2/C3
π΅ Spinalis thoracis: spinous processes of T2-T8
πͺ Longissimus Insertions πͺ
π΅ Longissimus capitis: posterior edge of mastoid process
π΅ Longissimus cervicis: transverse processes of C2-C6
π΅ Longissimus thoracis: transverse process of T1-T12 & dorsal aspect of ribs 3-12
πͺ Iliocostalis Insertions πͺ
π΅ Iliocostalis cervicis: transverse process of C4-C6
π΅ Iliocostalis thoracis: transverse process of C7 & angles of ribs 1-6
π΅ Iliocostalis lumborum: transverse processes of L1-L4 & angles of ribs 4-12
πͺ Erector Spinae Actions πͺ
π’ Bilateral contraction: extension of the trunk, neck and vertebral column
π’ Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the trunk, neck and vertebral column
πͺ Erector Spinae Innervation πͺ
π£ Posterior rami of corresponding spinal nerves
For a detailed explanation (and better images), you can watch the YouTube video here:
https://youtu.be/k4QM1cMPszw
Or just search 'Bodyworks Prime' on YouTube.
Full anatomy article on my website with high quality and accurate images here: https://bodyworksprime.com/erector-spinae/
β Popliteus Muscle Anatomy β
π₯ Explore the detailed anatomy of the popliteus muscle with my YouTube video: https://youtu.be/GcKiT4owd1Y
π Dive deeper into the dedicated anatomy article on the popliteus muscle here: https://bodyworksprime.com/popliteus/
πͺ Origins:
π΄ Lateral femoral condyle
π΄ Fibrous capsule of the knee joint
π΄ Posterior horn of the kneeβs lateral meniscus
π΄ Head of the fibula via the popliteofibular ligament
πͺ Insertion:
π΅ Posterior surface of the tibia, proximal to the soleal line
πͺ Actions:
π’ Lateral rotation of the femur on the tibia
π’ Medial rotation of the tibia on the femur
π’ Protection of the lateral meniscus
π’ Contributes to an insignificant amount of knee flexion
πͺ Nerve:
π£ Tibial nerve (L5-S1)
πͺ Artery:
π Popliteal artery (medial inferior genicular branch)
π Posterior tibial artery (muscular branch)
β Adductor Brevis Muscle Anatomy β
π₯ Delve deeper into the anatomy with my YouTube video explanation: https://youtu.be/EoTzj70eGEA
π Check out the dedicated anatomy article on the adductor brevis muscle here: https://bodyworksprime.com/adductor-brevis/
πͺ Origins:
π΄ Body of the p***s
π΄ Inferior p***c ramus
πͺ Insertions:
π΅ Upper third of the linea aspera
π΅ Pectineal line of femur
πͺ Actions:
π’ Primary action: Adduction of the hip joint
π’ Secondary action: Flexion of the hip joint
π’ Additional potential action: May contribute to femur rotation (more details in the 'actions' section of my adductor brevis article on my website)
πͺ Nerve:
π£ Anterior division of the obturator nerve (L2-L4)
πͺ Artery:
π Deep femoral artery
Explore more detailed muscle anatomy on the website and enhance your understanding with my free learning resources.
π₯ Watch the YouTube video for an in-depth explanation: https://youtu.be/EoHyhIWfLig
π I have wrote an anatomy article on the quadriceps muscle group too: https://bodyworksprime.com/quadriceps/
πͺ Origins & Insertions:
βοΈ Re**us Femoris:
π΄ Origin (Direct head): Anterior inferior iliac spine
π΄ Origin (Indirect head): Acetabular ridge
π΅ Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament & quadriceps tendon
βοΈ Vastus Lateralis:
π΄ Origin: Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, lateral intermuscular septum
π΅ Insertion: Lateral aspect of the patella & tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament & quadriceps tendon)
βοΈ Vastus Medialis:
π΄ Origin: Intertrochanteric line, spiral line (pectineal line), linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor longus muscle, adductor magnus muscle, & medial intermuscular septum
π΅ Insertion: Medial border of patella, & tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament & quadriceps tendon)
βοΈ Vastus Intermedius:
π΄ Origin: Anterior and lateral surface of the femur & lateral intermuscular septum
π΅ Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament & quadriceps tendon
πͺ Actions:
π All muscles: Extends the knee joint and stabilises the knee joint
π Re**us Femoris: Flexes the hip joint
πͺ Nerve:
π All muscles: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
πͺ Artery:
π All muscles: Femoral artery
β Spinalis Muscle Anatomy β
The spinalis muscle has three sections: the spinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis. It is also part of the erector spinae muscle group. The anatomy of the spinalis is below. Watch the full video for an in depth explanation.
πͺ Origins:
π΄ Spinalis capitis: spinous processes of C6-T2 vertebrae or nuchal ligament
π΄ Spinalis cervicis: spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae or nuchal ligament
π΄ Spinalis thoracis: spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebrae
πͺ Insertions:
π΅ Spinalis capitis: occiput
π΅ Spinalis cervicis: spinous processes of C2 or C3 vertebrae
π΅ Spinalis thoracis: spinous processes of T2-T8 vertebrae
πͺ Actions:
π’ Bilateral contraction: extension of the trunk and neck (at cervical and thoracic spine)
π’ Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the trunk and neck (at cervical and thoracic spine)
πͺ Nerve:
π£ Posterior rami of the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical nerves
πͺ Artery:
π Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal artery, deep cervical artery, muscular branches of vertebral artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the spinalis' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/spinalis/
Or view the YouTube video here: YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/RURoNj6KJsw
Spinalis Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Spinalis Muscle Anatomy βThe spinalis muscle has three sections: the spinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis. It is also part of the erector spinae muscle...
β Longissimus Muscle Anatomy β
πͺ Origins:
π΄ Longissimus capitis: transverse processes of C4-T4
π΄ Longissimus cervicis: transverse processes of T1-T4
π΄ Longissimus thoracis: dorsal surface of the sacrum and median sacral crest, medial surface of posterior superior iliac spine, and transverse processes of vertebrae L1-L5
πͺ Insertions:
π΅ Longissimus capitis: posterior edge of the mastoid process
π΅ Longissimus cervicis: transverse processes of vertebrae C2-C6
π΅ Longissimus thoracis: transverse process of vertebrae T1-T12 and the dorsal aspect of ribs 3-12 (between the ribβs angle and tubercle)
πͺ Actions:
π’ Bilateral contraction: extension of trunk and neck
π’ Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the trunk and the neck
πͺ Nerve:
π£ Lateral branches of the corresponding spinal nervesβ posterior rami
πͺ Artery:
π Vertebral artery, deep cervical artery, occipital artery, transverse cervical artery, superior intercostal artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal artery, lateral sacral artery, and median sacral artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the longissimus' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/longissimus/
Or view the YouTube video here: YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/T0Y3Jopll60
Longissimus Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Longissimus Muscle Anatomy βThe longissimus muscle has three sections: the longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, and longissimus capitis. It is also ...
β Iliocostalis Muscle Anatomy β
πͺ Origins:
π΄ Iliocostalis cervicis: angle of ribs 3-6
π΄ Iliocostalis thoracis: angle of ribs 7-12
π΄ Iliocostalis lumborum: medial end of iliac crest, lateral crest of sacrum, & thoracolumbar fascia
πͺ Insertions:
π΅ Iliocostalis cervicis: posterior tubercle of the transverse process of C4-C6.
π΅ Iliocostalis thoracis: transverse process of C7 & angles of the ribs 1-6
π΅ Iliocostalis lumborum: transverse processes of L1-L4 & angles of ribs 4-12
πͺ Actions:
π’ Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the trunk/vertebral column & weak lateral flexion at the base of the neck (below C4)
π’ Bilateral contraction: extends the trunk/vertebral column & weak extension of the base of the neck (below C4)
πͺ Nerve:
π£ Lateral branches of the posterior rami of the spinal nerves
πͺ Artery:
π Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar & lateral sacral arteries
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the iliocostalis' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/iliocostalis/
Or view the YouTube video here: YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/8rMk6v3bWoE
Iliocostalis Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Iliocostalis Muscle Anatomy βThe iliocostalis muscle has three sections, the cervicis, thoracis, and lumborum. It is also part of the erector spinae muscle...
β Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Sternal Head: Manubrium of sternum (superior and anterior aspect). Clavicular Head: Medial quarter of clavicleβs superior surface.
πͺ Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone & anterior portion of superior nuchal line.
πͺ Action: Unilateral contraction: Ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation. Bilateral contraction: Head/neck extension, head/neck flexion, & assists in inspiration by elevating clavicle and manubrium of sternum.
πͺ Nerve: Accessory nerve (CN XI) & branches of cervical plexus (C2-C3).
πͺ Artery: Occipital artery, superior thyroid artery & suprascapular arteries.
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the socleidomastoid's anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/socleidomastoid/
Or view the YouTube video here: YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/ohAERdfgqsQ
Sternocleidomastoid Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Sternal Head: Manubrium of sternum (superior and anterior aspect). Clavicular Head: Medial quarter of clavic...
β Pronator Quadratus Muscle Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Distal anterior surface of ulna
πͺ Insertion: Distal anterior surface of radius
πͺ Action: Pronates forearm at radioulnar joint
πͺ Nerve: Anterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
πͺ Artery: Anterior interosseous artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the pronator quadratus' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/pronator-quadratus/
Or view the YouTube video here: YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/q4zCV2YFIvc
Pronator Quadratus Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Pronator Quadratus Muscle Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Distal anterior surface of ulnaπͺ Insertion: Distal anterior surface of radiusπͺ Action: Pronates forearm at ...
β Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of humerus via common flexor tendon.
Ulnar head: Olecranon and upper 2/3 of posterior border of ulna.
πͺ Insertion: Pisiform bone, hamate bone & the base of fifth metacarpal bone.
πͺ Action: Flexes hand at wrist joint, adduction of hand at wrist joint & very weak flexion of the elbow joint.
πͺ Nerve: Ulnar nerve (C7,C8, T1).
πͺ Artery: Ulnar artery & ulnar recurrent artery.
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the flexor carpi ulnaris' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/flexor-carpi-ulnaris/
Or view the YouTube video here: YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/w0Cq8W5cLe4
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Anatomy: Origin Insertion & Action β Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Humeral head: Medial epicondyle of humerus via common flexor tendon.Ulnar head: Olecranon and upper 2/3 of ...
β Quadratus Lumborum Muscle Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Inner lip of iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament.
πͺ Insertion: Twelfth rib and the transverse processes of vertebra L1-L4.
πͺ Action: Can assist with inspiration by bracing the twelfth rib, bilateral contraction can assist with extension of the trunk, unilateral contraction can assist with lateral flexion of the trunk and it can also weakly assist with stabilization of spine and pelvis.
πͺ Nerve: 12th thoracic intercostal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve and the ilioinguinal nerve.
πͺ Artery: Lumbar arteries and a lumbar branch of the iliolumbar artery.
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the quadratus lumborum's anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/quadratus-lumborum/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/yfDH1kKk5hA
Quadratus Lumborum Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Quadratus Lumborum Muscle Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Inner lip of iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament.πͺ Insertion: Twelfth rib and the transverse processes o...
β Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the anterior aspect of the iliac crest.
πͺ Insertion: Fascia of the iliotibial tract. The iliotibial tract inserts onto the iliotibial tubercle (also known as Gerdyβs tubercle).
πͺ Action: Stabilisation of the hip and knee, hip abduction, hip internal rotation, weak hip flexion, knee flexion past 30 degrees and lateral rotation of the tibia.
πͺ Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1).
πͺ Artery: Deep branch of the superior gluteal artery.
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the tensor fasciae latae's anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/tensor-fasciae-latae/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/l1VthoTJXxI
Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the anterior aspect of the iliac crest.πͺ Insertion: Fascia of the ...
β Iliotibial Tract (Iliotibial Band, IT Band, ITB) Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Iliac crest (lateral aspect) and the gluteus maximus & tensor fasciae latae muscleβs aponeuroses.
πͺ Insertion: Iliotibial tubercle (also known as Gerdyβs tubercle).
πͺ Action: Stabilisation of the hip and knee and supports the actions of the gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae.
πͺ Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1) & the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2).
πͺ Artery: Ascending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery and the superior gluteal artery.
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the iliotibial tract's anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/iliotibial-tract/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/BGiVIem-uoA
Iliotibial Tract (ITB) Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Iliotibial Tract (Iliotibial Band, IT Band, ITB) Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Iliac crest (lateral aspect) and the gluteus maximus & tensor fasciae latae muscleβs a...
β Flexor Digitorum Profundus Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Upper three-fourths of anterior & medial surfaces of ulna & the interosseous membrane.
πͺ Insertion: Palmar surface of distal phalanges of digits 2-5.
πͺ Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5. It also provides weak assistance during wrist flexion.
πͺ Nerve: Lateral part (digits 2-3): Anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve (C8-T1). Medial part (digits 4-5): Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
πͺ Artery: Anterior interosseous artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the flexor digitorum profundus' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/flexor-digitorum-profundus/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/EPkHM2LsQJU
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Flexor Digitorum Profundus Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Upper three-fourths of anterior & medial surfaces of ulna & the interosseous membrane.πͺ Insertion: Palmar s...
β Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Anatomy β
πͺ Origin of humeroulnar head: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
πͺ Origin of radial head: Proximal half of anterior border of radius
πͺ Insertion: Bases of middle phalanges of digits two to five
πͺ Action: Flexion of fingers at proximal interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints. Can also provide assistance during flexion of wrist.
πͺ Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
πͺ Blood supply: Ulnar artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the flexor digitorum superficialis' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/flexor-digitorum-superficialis/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/5aLwd-0tEI0
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Anatomy βπͺ Origin of humeroulnar head: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulnaπͺ Origin of radial head: P...
β Flexor Pollicis Longus Anatomy β
πͺ Origin: Anterior surface of the radius & adjacent interosseous membrane of the forearm
πͺ Insertion: Palmar aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
πͺ Action: Flexes the thumb & very weakly assists in flexing the wrist
πͺ Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
πͺ Blood supply: Anterior interosseous artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video on my website about the flexor pollicis longus' anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/flexor-pollicis-longus/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/ATsZhH_U74A
Flexor Pollicis Longus Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Flexor Pollicis Longus Anatomy βπͺ Origin: Anterior surface of the radius & adjacent interosseous membrane of the forearmπͺ Insertion: Palmar aspect of the...
β Rotator Cuff Muscle Anatomy β
The full anatomy details of the rotator cuff's anatomy is below. Watch my YouTube video for a full in depth explanation.
πͺ Supraspinatus πͺ
𦴠Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
𦴠Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior aspect)
𦴠Action: Shoulder abduction & stabilisation of the humerus in glenohumeral joint
𦴠Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
𦴠Blood supply: Suprascapular artery
πͺ Infraspinatus πͺ
𦴠Origin: Infraspinous fossa
𦴠Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus (posterior aspect)
𦴠Action: Shoulder external rotation & stabilisation of the humerus in glenohumeral joint
𦴠Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
𦴠Blood supply: Suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries
πͺ Teres minor πͺ
𦴠Origin: Posterior surface of the lateral border of the scapula
𦴠Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior aspect)
𦴠Action: Shoulder external rotation, stabilisation of the humerus in glenohumeral joint & can very weakly assist in shoulder adduction
𦴠Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
𦴠Blood supply: Subscapular artery, circumflex scapular artery & posterior circumflex humeral artery
πͺ Subscapularis πͺ
𦴠Origin: Subscapular fossa
𦴠Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
𦴠Action: Shoulder internal rotation, stabilisation of glenohumeral joint & can very weakly assist in shoulder adduction
𦴠Innervation: Upper and lower branches of the subscapular neve (C5, C6, C7)
𦴠Blood supply: Subscapular artery
π₯ I've posted a new YouTube video and article on my website about the rotator cuff muscle's anatomy. There are also free flashcards there so you memorize the above info easily.
π Check it out at the link below π
https://bodyworksprime.com/rotator-cuff/
Or view the YouTube video here: https://youtu.be/XnQN6ikBspQ
Rotator Cuff Anatomy: Origin, Insertion & Action β Rotator Cuff Muscle Anatomy βπͺ Supraspinatus πͺ 𦴠Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula𦴠Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior aspect)π¦΄...