Dr Neha Roy

Stay fit!!

"Black Fungus" Mucormycosis or Black Fungus needs proper attention as it is one of the deadly complication associated with COVID 19. Let us discuss it in detail.

There is high prevalence of Vit D deficiency in general population!!Beware of symptoms!!

https://drneharoy.org/

Passionate endocrinologist | Find Metabolic and endocrinology solution with Dr Neha Roy Osteoporosis is the major cause of fragile bone and bone fracture in elderly population. Calcium and vitamin D are essential for healthy bones. It has to be timely handled.

Nuts::good for diabetics and keeps your heart healthy!!

India is the world diabetes capital.It runs in families.Excess blood sugar level finally impact every organ system of body like

heart(coronary artery disease),

brain (stroke )

kidney(Nephro pathy),urinary tract infection ,

retina(retinopathy),

nerves, (neuropathy both autonomic and peripheral),

bloodvessels(atherosclerosis,peripheral vascular disease leading to gangrene).

So, basically it’s a systemic disease and every organ suffers.

There are 3 types of diabetes

1. Type 1 diabetes: Insulin is secreted from beta cells in islets of langerhans. When there is reduced secretion of insulin it’s called type 1 DM. Mostly children are affected.Insulin is the treatment. Tablets not work.

Type 2 DM: Here insulin secretion is normal but reduced sensitivity at the target cells. It’s common in adults and old population. Obesity is associated in many cases.Dyslipidemia in diabetes must be addressed .Fatty liver may progress to cirrhosis liver if neglected .Initially controlled with tablets later on insulin required.

3.Gestational DM: It appears during pregnancy though after delivery sugar level comes in normal range.Insulin is mainstay treatment as tablets have teratogenic potential.

3 P: polyphagia(frequent eating), polyuria(frequent urination) and polydipsia(frequent thirst) are the hallmark symptoms

Diagnostic values for diabetes mellitus
Glycosylated Hb(HbA1c) level inform regarding last 3 months blood sugar control

Diet , daily exercise (at least 30 minutes morning and evening brisk walking daily, light yoga )and drugs are the key to keep blood sugar level within normal range

New drugs like SGLT 2 inhibitors are found to have good cardiovascular outcome as well.They increase glucose excretion in urine, reduce albuminuria and promote weight loss. Adverse effects like UTI, fungal infection, Fournier gangrene should be kept in mind.

HCQ is approved in 2014 by Drug controller general of India as an adjunctive treatment to improve glycemic control in T2DM as third line therapy. It inhibits insulin degradation, improve insulin sensitivity, beta cells preservation and reduce islet cell autoimmunity.

Insulin therapy is the last option in long standing diabetes. It’s a boon to the mankind.Thanks to Canadaian biochemist Banting and Best who won Nobel Prize in 1923 for their game changing discovery .

There are various insulin formulations. These are available in vials and pens. Injected subcutaneously.
Both insulin and OHA therapy require periodic follow up and dose adjustments. Hypo & hyperglycaemia both are fatal. Diabetic keto acidosis (DKA) and coma are detrimental to health.

Glucometer and continuous glucose monitoring devices are available in market.14 th November is celebrated as world diabetes day. Education and awareness is needed for the screening of diabetes, to avoid sweet food and compliance to medicine.