Matrix Junior College

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Matrix Junior College We constantly keep our students motivated by imparting quality education to them. Through the provis

Congratulations

Matrix Junior College We constantly keep our students motivated by imparting quality education to them. Through the provis

World environment day celebration

It's death anniversary of , a French physicist & mathematician - -

(Scientist of the Day - 16 March)

Our second article for today.

Savart is primarily known for the of , which he discovered together with his colleague .

The Biot-Savart Law relates magnetic fields to the currents which are their sources. In a similar manner, 's law relates fields to the charges which are their sources. The equation, shown in image below, is for calculating the magnetic field of a current element (in SI units).

He gave his name to the savart, a unit of measurement for musical intervals, and to Savart's - a device he used while investigating the range of human hearing.

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In your home, school, college or office, you must have noticed that some light are , while others are . But have you ever thought about exactly why that happens? There must be something different between the bulbs, but what is it, and why does it make them light up differently? To understand what is going on, we need to look back about 200 years to a made by a German man who played an important role in helping us to understand how electric work. That German man is our (first) "scientist of the day" today. (Today we have two articles)

It's the birthday of , the man who discovered one of the most fundamental laws of electricity - -

(Scientist of the Day - 16 March)

Ohm studied and went on to become a mathematics teacher. One of the schools he taught at, the Jesuit Gymnasium in Cologne, had a well-equipped science lab. There, Ohm conducted a series of experiments with electricity, whose properties he described mathematically in his book, 'The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically' (1827). In this book, he gave his complete theory of electricity.

His most famous finding ...

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In 17th century, an Italian physicist first noted the wave nature of light and further established this nature of light. In 1704, Sir first noted and established the nature of light. After that many scientists further developed these two different natures of light but in 1922-23, an American man made a sensational discovery that led physicists to deduce that objects once thought to be particles can behave like waves and objects once thought to be waves can behave like particles. That American man is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's death anniversary of , the man who discovered that light can behave as a particle as well as a wave - - -

(Scientist of the Day - 15 March)

He shared the in Physics in 1927 (with C.T.R. Wilson) for his 1922-23 discovery of the Compton effect (or Compton scattering). This effect is caused by the transfer of energy from a to an . This discovery confirmed the of electromagnetic radiation as both a and a .

It was a sensational discovery at the time: the wave nature of light had been well-demonstrated, but the idea ....

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Black holes, which were predicted by maths (solution of Einstein's field equations) before they were discovered in nature, are singularities - points where the familiar laws of physics cease to apply. They are surrounded, however, by surfaces known as . Anything crossing the event horizon is swallowed for ever. If you are a student of physics then you definitely know, this is a problem because the second law of (the strictest of nature’s constraints) says that , a form of disorder, must always increase. But if high-entropy systems could be sucked into nothingness by black holes, that would not be the case. Then an English man came to the scene and solved this problem by showing that black holes themselves had entropy, and that the more they swallowed, the greater it got. This in turn implied that black holes had a , and thus must give off . That English man is our 2nd "scientist of the day" today (Second Article of the Day).

It's death anniversary of , the man who walked beyond and explained the - -

(Scientist of the Day - 14 March)

Did you know?? Stephen Hawking was born January 8, 1942, on the 300th anniversary of 's death and died today, March 14th, on the anniversary of 's birth. (After all, Time is relative)

Hawking's scientific works included .....

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Prior to 1915, astronomers believed that was the closest star to our solar system. Then on Oct 12, 1915, a Scottish man with his vast experience and passion, changed this view by observing thoroughly this Alpha Centauri system. That Scottish man is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's death anniversary of , the man who discovered Proxima Centauri - -

(Scientist of the Day - 13 March)

A astronomer, Innes went to Australia at an early age and made his living as a wine merchant in Sydney, where, using a home made 12-inch reflecting telescope, he discovered several double stars new to astronomy.

With the help of John Franklin-Adams' 10-inch astrographic camera, Innes discovered Proxima Centauri - In 1915, he suspected that ....

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Are the laws of nature (physics) the for matter and antimatter? Scientists use the term “CP” (C for , P for ) to talk about matter-antimatter symmetry. If nature treated matter and antimatter alike, then, in physics-speak, nature would be CP-symmetric. If not, CP is . The should have created equal amounts of and , with subsequent annihilation leaving neither behind. And yet, the observable universe has about 10 billion galaxies (and even more) that consist entirely of matter (protons, neutrons and electrons) with antimatter (antiprotons, antineutrons and positrons).That means physical laws must have acted differently for matter and antimatter, i.e. violating CP-symmetry. Today, let's introduce you to an American man, who discovered this CP-violation. He is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's the birthday of , the man who discovered that the universe is out of balance - -

(Scientist of the Day - 10 March)

Fitch’s early interest in shifted to in the mid-1940s when, as a member of the U.S. Army, he was sent to Los Alamos, New Mexico, to work on the Project. He completed his Ph.D. in 1954, writing his thesis on "Studies of X-rays from mu-mesonic atoms". The thesis was published in the in November 1953.

He conducted much of his research at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, where he became acquainted with . Along with two colleagues, James Christenson and René Turlay, they set up their experiment on the "Alternating Gradient Synchrotron" at Brookhaven. They discovered an unexpected result......

Read a full article about his work that led him to win (share) 1980 in physics, here, https://www.instagram.com/cosmological_astrophysics

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By the end of the 18th century, scientists had noticed many electrical phenomena and many magnetic phenomena, but most believed that electricity and magnetism were two forces. Then in 1820, a Danish man published a pamphlet that showed clearly that they were in fact related. His findings resulted in intensive research throughout the scientific community in electrodynamics. That Danish man is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's death anniversary of , the man who revolutionized the arena of electromagnetism by discovering that electric currents create magnetic fields - -

(Scientist of the Day - 09 March)

Ørsted was the first modern thinker to explicitly describe and name the 'thought experiment'.

Inspired by Alessandro Volta's invention of the voltaic pile, Ørsted started to investigate the nature of and to conduct his first electrical experiments. While traveling to Germany, he met , a physicist who believed there was a connection between electricity & magnetism. Ørsted's conversations .....

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Nuclear fission (the physical process by which very large atoms like uranium split into pairs of smaller atoms) is what makes nuclear bombs and nuclear power plants possible. But for many years, scientists believed it energetically impossible for atoms as large as uranium (atomic mass = 235 or 238) to be split into two. In December 1938, a German man made it possible. And he is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's the birthday of , the man who made one of the most important scientific discoveries of all-time, Nuclear Fission - -

(Scientist of the Day - 08 March)

The discovery of the neutron by in 1932 created a new means of nuclear transmutation. Hahn, with his colleague at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in Berlin bombarded ....

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This Day in Science History - - -

(March 08)

The great German revolutionary man published his first two laws of in 1609, having found them by analyzing the astronomical observations of .

On March 08, 1618, he formulated his and published in 1619. According to him, "The ratio of the square of an object's orbital period (T) with the cube of the semi-major axis (a) of its orbit is the same for all objects orbiting the same primary" (Look the shown image).

This law captures the relationship between the of planets from the Sun, and their orbital .

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We are well aware about Ohm's law, as, it is the simplest constitutive relation for an ordinary . But, what about ? For that we have the London Equations. They are the simplest meaningful description of superconducting phenomena, and form the genesis of almost any modern introductory text on the subject. The equation are developed by two London brothers and one of them is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's the birthday of , the man who devised the first quantum mechanical treatment of hydrogen molecule - -

(Scientist of the Day - 07 March)

London's early work with on chemical bonding is now treated in any textbook on physical chemistry. This paper was the first to properly explain the bonding in a homonuclear molecule such as H2. It is no coincidence that the Heitler-London work appeared shortly after the introduction of quantum mechanics by and , because quantum mechanics was crucial in their explanation of the covalent bond.

He coined the expression "dispersion effect" for the attraction between two rare gas atoms at large distance from each other. And today, this attraction is often referred to as "London force".

He was the first theoretical physicist to make the fundamental, and at the time controversial, suggestion that superfluidity is intrinsically related to the Einstein condensation of bosons, a phenomenon now known as condensation.

London was also one of the early authors (including Schrödinger) to have properly understood the principle of local gauge invariance in the context of the quantum mechanics.

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18 years old an American boy became interested in the question of just why are atoms held a certain distance apart. How far apart are they when they are bonded together and what is it that holds them at this distance? What is the chemical bond between atoms? What are the structures of molecules?... Between 1925 to 1927, he studied with (fellowship) three great physicists: in Munich, in Zurich, and in Copenhagen. Later he became one of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and molecular biology. That American boy is our "scientist of the day" today.

It's the birthday of , the only person who has won two unshared (sole recipient) - - -

(Scientist of the Day - 28 February)

In Europe in the late 1920s Pauling began using quantum mechanics - specifically Shrödinger’s wave equation - to understand more complex systems consisting of multiple nuclei and multiple electrons i.e. chemical compounds. He devised valence bond theory and gave chemistry its now everyday concepts of , orbital hybridization, and . These concepts are crucial in the teaching and understanding of how chemical compounds form and behave.

Pauling had no interest in the philosophical implications of quantum theory which fascinated Niels Bohr, , and many other European physicists. He took a much more .....

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This Day in Science History - - -

(February 28)

in 1928, was discovered by the great Indian physicist and (who was a student of C.V. Raman) and for this, Raman was awarded the for Physics in 1930.

The effect had been predicted theoretically by in 1923. Raman scattering produces scattered photons which differ in from the radiation source which causes it, and the difference is related to vibrational & rotational properties of the from which the scattering occurs. It has become more prominent in the years since powerful monochromatic laser sources could provide the scattering power.

India 🇮🇳 celebrates on February 28, every year in honour of physicist sir C.V. Raman’s discovery of the Raman Effect.

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