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Micro estructura en función de la velocidad de enfriamiento, desde una fase austenitica.

Uno de los reactores más importantes de para la refinación de acero, donde uno de los objetivos es decarurar a partir de reacciones exotermicas en conjunto con el oxígeno el Baño fundido

Basic oxygen furnace steelmaking

A Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) is a key component in steel production, particularly in the process of converting iron into steel. Here's an overview of how it works and its significance:

How It Works:

1. Charging: The process begins by charging the furnace with molten iron, often from a blast furnace, along with steel scrap. The exact mix can vary but typically includes about 70-80% hot metal and 20-30% scrap.

2. Oxygen Blowing: A lance is lowered into the furnace, and high-purity oxygen (99.5% pure) is blown at supersonic speed onto the surface of the molten metal. This oxygen combines with the impurities like carbon, silicon, manganese, and phosphorus, oxidizing them to form gases (like CO and CO₂) or slag (like SiO₂).

3. Refining: The oxidation reactions produce a lot of heat, which keeps the metal molten. The impurities are either burned off as gases or float to the top as slag, which can be removed.
Tapping: Once the desired composition of steel is achieved, the molten steel is poured or "tapped" from the furnace into ladles for further refining or casting.

4. Slag Removal: The slag, which contains the impurities, is removed separately, often processed for recovery of valuable metals or used in other applications like road construction.

Significance:
1. Efficiency: The BOF process is highly efficient, producing steel in about 20-40 minutes per batch. This is much faster than traditional open-hearth methods.
Flexibility: It can handle a variety of raw materials, including recycled steel, which is beneficial for reducing environmental impact.

2. Quality Control: The process allows for precise control over the steel's composition, which is crucial for producing steel with specific properties for different applications.

3. Environmental Impact: While still an energy-intensive process, modern BOFs are designed with energy recovery systems and can utilize scrap, reducing the need for new iron ore extraction.
Global Use: BOFs are widely used around the world, responsible for a significant portion of global steel production.

Challenges:

1. Emissions: The high temperatures and reactions produce CO₂, contributing to greenhouse gases. Efforts are ongoing to reduce emissions, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies.
Noise and Pollution: The operation is noisy and can release pollutants if not properly managed.

2. Resource Intensive: Requires a steady supply of high-purity oxygen and often relies on continuous operations for efficiency.

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Joseph Subda, especialista en ecoat de Axalta Powder Coating Systems , explica la diferencia entre estas dos pruebas de resistencia a la corrosión.

Las pruebas de niebla salina y cíclicas son métodos de prueba estandarizados que se utilizan para probar la resistencia a la corrosión de materiales y revestimientos de superficies. Los materiales a ensayar suelen ser metálicos con un revestimiento superficial destinado a proporcionar un grado de protección contra la corrosión. Las pruebas permiten la comparación de la resistencia a la corrosión relativa de los recubrimientos en un marco de tiempo acelerado o comprimido... Lee aquí el artículo completo www.bit.ly/noticia_IC1362

Effect of common alloying elements in Steel

Iron-Iron Carbide Phase Diagram

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META EXPO Entry no. 2

STRENGTHENING USING OXYGEN (ODS + OBD)

Submit any Metallurgy or Materials Science Concepts Artistically.

All interested metallurgists and material scientists are welcome to grab this wonderful opportunity.

1st winner: ₹5000
2nd winner: ₹2000
3rd winner: ₹100
4th to 10th: ₹500 Each
Participation certificates for all participants

There is no participation fee for the META EXPO competition.

Registration form:
https://lnkd.in/dnMVmt7k

Last date: 31st October 2022
Result announcement- 14th November 2022

Contact us for more information at [email protected].

https://youtu.be/BoUdV8kcimc

Como calcular Límite elástico con origin "how to calcule yield strength" En este video veremos como calcular el límite elástico de un diagrama esfuerzo deformación mediante el uso de datos y el software origin lab

Stainless Steels

Principio y aplicaciones de la técnica XRF para PMI La fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF) para la identificación positiva de materiales o (PMI) es una técnica analítica no destructiva bien establecida de la espectroscopia de emisión de rayos X. Esta técnica es una herramienta poderosa para análisis rápidos no destructivos de múltiples elementos y...

Análisis químico de minerales mediante técnicas XRF.

En LABCOR se cuenta con cámara de rayos ultra violeta para la evaluación de envejecimiento acelerado de distintos tipos de plásticos, impermeables, pieles etc. Las lamparas UV ofrecen una simulación de similar a la exposición de la luz del sol con longitudes de onda que van desde los 356 a 295 nm simulando hasta 1.75 veces la luz de medio día en verano. Además, se puede reproducir ciclos de condensación alternados con radiación ultra violeta lo que genera una situación similar al envejecimiento natural en la interperie.

ASTM D3574-17 Test B1 Identation Force Deflection IFD en poliuretano

Densidad en poliuretanos ASTM D3574-17 Test A

Crystallite size Vs. Grain size Vs. Particle size

Duplex stainless steels are Fe-Ni-Cr alloys consisting of ferritic-austenitic microstructure at room temperature. These steels generally possess beneficial combinations of the austenitic and ferritic phases. Duplex stainless steels exhibit greater toughness and better weldability than ferritic stainless steel. They have higher strength and better corrosion resistance than austenitic stainless steel. Their good engineering performance has led to an increasing number of applications, mainly in corrosive environments such as sour gas pipelines and chemical reaction vessels.
The picture shows the blue austenitic phase as “islands” surrounded by the gray ferritic phase. When duplex stainless steel is melted it solidifies from the liquid phase to a completely ferritic structure. As the material cools to room temperature, about half of the ferritic grains transform to austenitic grains (“islands”). The result is a microstructure of roughly 50% austenite and 50% ferrite.

Etched with Electrolytic - NaOH 30%
Magnification 500x
Differential interference contrast microscopy technique

Source: Marco Canato

https://labcor.com.mx/camara-de-niebla-salina-astm-b117/

Cámara de niebla salina ASTM B117 - Saber más sobre cómo funciona este estándar ayuda a las partes interesadas y a las empresas a evaluar la calidad de sus materiales.

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Refractometro de NaCl. Según la norma B117 para cámara de niebla salina. Debe ser a una porcentaje de 5% de NaCl en conjunto con agua destilada.

Indentación. 500 gf

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Indentador Vickers FUTURE TECH (JAPAN) medición de perfil de dureza en cordón de soldadura...

Continuamos con nuestros cursos de capacitación a la empresa Industrial Diseñadora de Autopartes en la ciudad de Guadalajara, Jal.
El pasado 25 de septiembre se realizó el curso práctico sobre preparación de muestras metalográficas, realizado en conjunto con el Ivan Farias y con el soporte de LABCOR.

# Metallographic

High Entropy Alloys😉😉
(Only for fun)