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Crowdstrike and Microsoft: What we know about global IT outage

A mass IT outage has caused chaos around the world, with major banks, media outlets and airlines among the victims.
Many flights have been grounded, with queues and delays at airports, while shops and communications have also been hit.
The cause is unknown, but Microsoft says it is taking "mitigation action" to deal with "the lingering impact" of the outage.
Australia's home affairs ministry and American Airlines have both said the outage appeared to be related to an issue at global cyber-security firm Crowdstrike.
Here is a summary of what we know so far.

What caused this?

What precisely went wrong is still unclear.
However, a spokesperson for Australia's Home Affairs Minister said the outage appeared to be related to an issue at global cyber-security firm Crowdstrike.
Australia's National Cyber Security Coordinator described it as a "large-scale technical outage" and said there was no information to suggest it was an attack.
American Airlines, which is the world's biggest by passenger numbers, told the BBC the IT problems were because of a "technical issue with Crowdstrike that is impacting multiple carriers."
United Airlines told the BBC: "A third party software outage is impacting computer systems worldwide, including at United."
There have been reports suggesting that Crowdstrike, which produces antivirus software, issued a software update that caused Windows devices to crash.
Crowdstrike shares plunged as much as 21% in early pre-market trade. Microsoft also lost ground, as did travel and leisure stocks, as investors weighed the potential disruption for holidaymakers.
The BBC has approached Crowdstrike for comment but has not yet heard back.

What exactly is Crowdstrike?

It's a reminder of the complexity of our modern digital infrastructure that Crowdstrike, a company that's not exactly a household name, can be at the heart of such worldwide disarray.
The US firm, based in Austin, Texas, is a listed company on the US stock exchange, featuring in both the S&P 500 and the high-tech Nasdaq indexes.
Like a lot of modern technology companies, it hasn't been around that long. It was founded a mere 13 years ago, but has grown to employ nearly 8,500 people.
As a provider of cyber-security services, it tends to get called in to deal with the aftermath of hack attacks.
It has been involved in investigations of several high-profile cyber-attacks, such as when Sony Pictures had its computer system hacked in 2014.
But this time, reportedly because of a flawed update to its software, a firm that is normally part of the solution to IT problems may instead have a role in their origin.
In its last earnings report, Crowdstrike declared a total of nearly 24,000 customers. That's an indication not just of the size of the reported issue, but also the difficulties that could be involved in fixing it.
Each of those customers is a huge organisation in itself, so the number of individual computers affected is hard to estimate.
And according to those in the know, the fix will probably have to be applied separately to each and every device affected - causing a massive headache for IT departments everywhere.

Who is affected?

The problem emerged in a piecemeal fashion, with first reports coming out of Australia.
Payment systems went down at Australian stores including Woolworths, while financial institutions such as the National Australia Bank were also affected.
Then the issues spread to the US. The state of Alaska warned that its emergency services were affected, while several of the country's airlines - United, Delta and American Airlines - grounded their flights around the globe.
Australian carriers Virgin Australia and Jetstar also had to delay or cancel flights as departure screens went blank at Sydney airport.
Tokyo-Narita and Delhi airports said services had been affected. European airports reported that the outage was causing delays, with long queues reported at London's Stansted and Gatwick and Amsterdam's Schiphol.
Ryanair said it was experiencing "potential disruptions across the network", which it said were due to a third-party outage.
Broadcasters were also caught up in the chaos, including Sky News in the UK, which is off air.
As the full extent of the disruption became clear, more firms and institutions started reporting problems.
The London Stock Exchange said it was working as normal, but there were issues with its news service, used by companies to report market-sensitive information in a timely way.
Israel says 15 hospitals have switched to manual processes but this has not affected medical treatment. Ambulances are being told to take new cases to other hospitals.
And Poland’s largest container terminal, the Baltic Hub in the northern city of Gdansk, has said the outage is "hampering terminal operations" and has asked companies not to send containers to the port.
In the UK, railway companies have reported delays and said they were experiencing "widespread IT issues", while some doctors' surgeries in England reported issues with booking appointments.
The problems have extended to upmarket UK bakery chain Gail's, which has said it is currently unable to take in-store payments.

Experts say CrowdStrike could be behind the outage at everything from airlines and GP surgeries to TV stations and bank

Microsoft glitch causes global shutdown

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