Native American Heritage Month

Adam Beach (born November 11, 1972) He is Saulteaux Anishinaabe/Canadian actor. He is best known for his roles as Victor Joseph in Smoke Signals; Frank Fencepost in Dance Me Outside; Tommy on Walker, Texas Ranger; Kickin' Wing in Joe Dirt; U.S. Marine Corporal Ira Hayes in Flags of Our Fathers; Private Ben Yahzee in Windtalkers; Dr. Charles Eastman (Ohiyesa) in Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee; NYPD Detective Chester Lake in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit; and Officer Jim Chee in the film adaptations of Skinwalkers, Coyote Waits and A Thief of Time. He starred in the Canadian 2012–2014 series Arctic Air and played Slipknot in the 2016 film Su***de Squad. He also performed as Squanto in Disney's historical drama film Squanto: A Warrior's Tale. Most recently he has starred in Hostiles (2017) as Black Hawk and the Netflix original film Juanita (2019) as Jess Gardiner and Edward Nappo in Jane Campion's The Power of the Dog.
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Three Eagles ("Nez Percé" Tribe) (French Name means "Pierced Nose" Tribe in English) but the real name is "Nimíipuu".
The Nez-Percés, Nimíipuu, are an Amerindian tribe of the Penutian group who lived in the Columbia Plateau of the Pacific Northwest region at the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition. The memory of the Nez-Percés remains intact through the breeding and selection of the appaloosa horse, native to the Palouse River, and their heroic resistance during their escape over several thousand kilometers under the leadership of Chief Joseph.

Come After Him. Lakota. ca. 1890. Photo by George Scott…

Weasel Tail. Piegan. 1900. Photo by Edward S. Curtis…

ca. 1908
Three Native American men and a child are seated on the Deadwood stagecoach. A Native American man is seated inside and four Native American men stand next to the stagecoach Left of the stagecoach is an artillery caisson. Grandstand and show tent in background. The men wear headdresses, beaded vests, beaded breastplates, beaded pants and blankets. Individuals have been previously identified as: Black Bird (right of coach door), Red Dog (second from right), Bear Claws (far right), Iron White Man (top of stage coach, far right), White Magpie (top of stage coach, center), Canvas (top of stagecoach, left), Nose (standing left of stagecoach door), Dog Arm or Pretty Face (inside coach - both names are correct).
in a wild west show arena.

𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐇𝐀𝐌 𝐆𝐑𝐄𝐄𝐍𝐄🪶🪶
GRAHAM GREENE - Born June 22, 1952, on the Six Nations Reserve in Ohsweken, Ontario, Mr. Greene is a 70 year old FIRST NATIONS Canadian actor who belongs to the ONEIDA tribe. He has worked on stage, in film, and in TV productions in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his 1990 performance in "Dances with Wolves". Other films you may have seen him in include Thunderheart, Maverick, Die Hard with a Vengeance, the Green Mile, and Wind River. Graham Greene graduated from the Centre for Indigenous Theatre in 1974 & immediately began performing in professional theatre in Toronto and England, while also working as an audio technician for area rock bands. His TV debut was in 1979 and his screen debut in 1983. His acting career has now spanned over 4 decades & he remains as busy as ever. In addition to the Academy Award nomination for Dance with Wolves, he has been consistently recognized for his work, and also received nominations in 1994, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2016. Graham Greene lives in Toronto, Canada, married since 1994, and has 1 adult daughter.

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Bismarck is celebrating it's 150th Anniversary in 2022 and this week we feature Harriet Skye, one of Bismarck's remarkable women in history.
Harriet Skye (1931–2018) was a multimedia journalist who worked in print, radio, television, and film. A graduate of New York University film school, she became the first Native American woman to have her own television show. “Indian Country Today”, which first aired in 1972, a public-affairs show that ran for 11 years on KFYR-TV in Bism…

Aho ~ Artist, Un Known ~…

~ The Oldest Native American to Ever Live, “Chief White Wolf” of the Chippewa people photographed in circa 1915 ~ 138 Years old ~…

Beautiful Native American Sister
Photographer & Tribe: Un Known…

Portrait of a Wasco youth of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, Oregon in 1903.
I wish I knew to what special occasion his face was painted. This young man would belong to the same tribe as Hash-Nash-Shut.
Wasco comes from the word Wacq!ó, meaning "cup" or "small bowl," the name of a distinctive bowl-shaped rock near the tribe's primary historic village. They traditionally lived on the south bank of the Columbia River. This tribe, with the Wishram (also known as Tlaklui…

Very worth reading 🧡🧡
Keanu Reeves was abandoned by his father at 3 years old and grew up with 3 different stepfathers. He is dyslexic. His dream of becoming a hockey player was shattered by a serious accident. His daughter died at birth. His wife died in a car accident. His best friend, River Phoenix, died of an overdose. His sister has leukemia.
And with everything that has happened, Keanu Reeves never misses an opportunity to help people in need. When he was filming the movie "The Lake House," he overheard the conversation of two costume assistants; One cried because he would lose his house if he did not pay $20,000 and on the same day Keanu deposited the necessary amount in the woman's bank account; He also donated stratospheric sums to hospitals.
In 2010, on his birthday, Keanu walked into a bakery and bought a brioche with a single candle, ate it in front of the bakery, and offered coffee to people who stopped to talk to him.
After winning astronomical sums for the Matrix trilogy, the actor donated more than $50 million to the staff who handled the costumes and special effects - the true heroes of the trilogy, as he called them.
He also gave a Harley-Davidson to each of the stunt doubles. A total expense of several million dollars. And for many successful films, he has even given up 90% of his salary to allow the production to hire other stars.
In 1997 some paparazzi found him walking one morning in the company of a homeless man in Los Angeles, listening to him and sharing his life for a few hours.
Most stars when they make a charitable gesture they declare it to all the media. He has never claimed to be doing charity, he simply does it as a matter of moral principles and not to look better in the eyes of others.
This man could buy everything, and instead every day he gets up and chooses one thing that cannot be bought: To be a good person.
Keanu Reeves' father is of Native Hawaiian descent
Also read Keanu's life .
Nature is my religion and the earth is my church

Miss Two Bears. Yanktonai? Photo by F.B. Fiske, Fort Yates, N. Dak. 1902. Source - Library of Congress

Joseph Jason Namakaeha Momoa was born on August 1, 1979, in Honolulu, Hawaii. He is the son of Coni (Lemke), a photographer, and Joseph Momoa, a painter. His father is of Native Hawaiian and Samoan descent; and his mother, who is from Iowa, is of German, Irish, and Native American ancestry. Jason was raised in Norwalk, Iowa, by his mother. After high school, he moved to Hawaii, where he landed a lead role, beating out of thousands of hopefuls in the TV series Baywatch (1989) (known as "Baywatch Hawaii" in its 10th season). When the show ended, he spent the next couple of years traveling around the world. In 2001, he moved to Los Angeles, where he continued to pursue an acting career. In 2004, after the short-lived TV series North Shore (2004), he was cast as the popular character "Ronon Dex" in the TV series Stargate: Atlantis (2004), which achieved a cult-like following. In 2010, he appeared in the Emmy-nominated HBO series Game Of Thrones (2011), playing the Dothraki king, Khal Drogo. To illustrate to the producers that he was Khal Drogo, he performed the Haka, a traditional war dance of the Maori of New Zealand. The audition was with the same casting director who was casting the titular role in the reboot of Conan The Barbarian (2011). Four weeks after being cast as the popular Robert E. Howard character, Momoa began shooting in Bulgaria. His approach, like that of the filmmakers, was to pull from the eight decades of comics and stories as well as the Frank Frazetta images rather than the hugely popular 1982 movie. Jason has a production company, Pride of Gypsies, in which he is expanding his career from actor to filmmaker. He has directed a couple of short films and is working on his feature film debut Road to Paloma (2014), which is pulled from a series of stories that he's been developing over the years, which he calls the Brown Bag Diaries: Ridin' the Blinds in B Minor (2010). Jason lives with his wife, actress Lisa Bonet, with whom he has two children, Lola and Nakoa-Wolf.
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Chief Standing Elk, Roast, Chief Spotted Tail's son. Sicangu Lakota. 1880s

Indigenous children
Date unknown

Native Tribes of North America Mapped
The ancestors of living Native Americans arrived in North America about 15 thousand years ago. As a result, a wide diversity of communities, societies, and cultures finally developed on the continent over the millennia.
The population figure for Indigenous peoples in the Americas before the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus was 70 million or more.
About 562 tribes inhabited the contiguous U.S. territory. Ten largest North American Indian tribes: Arikara, Cherokee, Iroquois, Pawnee, Sioux, Apache, Eskimo, Comanche, Choctaw, Cree, Ojibwa, Mohawk, Cheyenne, Navajo, Seminole, Hope, Shoshone, Mohican, Shawnee, Mi’kmaq, Paiute, Wampanoag, Ho-Chunk, Chumash, Haida.
Below is the tribal map of Pre-European North America.
The old map below gives a Native American perspective by placing the tribes in full flower ~ the “Glory Days.” It is pre-contact from across the eastern sea or, at least, before that contact seriously affected change. Stretching over 400 years, the time of contact was quite different from tribe to tribe. For instance, the “Glory Days” of the Maya and Aztec came to an end very long before the interior tribes of other areas, with some still resisting almost until the 20th Century.
At one time, numbering in the millions, the native peoples spoke close to 4,000 languages.
The Americas’ European conquest, which began in 1492, ended in a sharp drop in the Native American population through epidemics, hostilities, ethnic cleansing, and slavery.
When the United States was founded, established Native American tribes were viewed as semi-independent nations, as they commonly lived in communities separate from white immigrants
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THERE WERE FEMALE WARRIORS TOO:
Shown here is Moving Robe Woman, a Hunkpapa (Sitting Bull's branch of the Sioux).
INSP explains:
Moving Robe Woman was no stranger to battle. At age 17, she took part in a war party against the Crow. In July 1876, now at about age 23, she was among the Sioux and Lakota who camped at the Greasy Grass (Little Big Horn). On this fateful day, she was digging turnips when a warrior rode by warning women to take their children to the hills. General Custer was about to attack. Moving Robe Woman raced back to her lodge where she learned that her brother, One Hawk, was killed in an earlier battle with Custer’s men. Now, in deep mourning and fueled by revenge, Moving Robe braided her hair, painted her face red, mounted her horse, and with her brother’s war staff in hand, galloped into battle. “I was a woman,” she reportedly said, “But I was not afraid.” Her determination emboldened the male warriors to fight ferociously for their way of life, in what would end up an overwhelming victory for the Native Americans. Custer’s entire cavalry, 268 men, himself included, were killed—at least one at the hands of Moving Robe. She may have gotten her vengeance, but it was bitter, and it came at a cost. She later said, “[No one] staged a victory dance that night. They were mourning their own dead.” Moving Robe Woman died in 1935 at Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota. She was about 81 years old.

𝐖𝐞𝐬 𝐒𝐭𝐮𝐝𝐢
𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘢 𝘧𝘶𝘭𝘭-𝘣𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘕𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘈𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘊𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘬𝘦𝘦 𝘕𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘞𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘚𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘪 𝘧𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘝𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘯𝘢𝘮 𝘞𝘢𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯, 𝘪𝘯 1973, 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘞𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘒𝘯𝘦𝘦 𝘐𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘗𝘪𝘯𝘦 𝘙𝘪𝘥𝘨𝘦 𝘙𝘦𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯. 𝘚𝘱𝘦𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘭𝘶𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘊𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘬𝘦𝘦, 𝘚𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘪 𝘩𝘢𝘴 𝘵𝘢𝘶𝘨𝘩𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘶𝘢𝘨𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘱𝘦𝘥 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘵 𝘢 𝘊𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘬𝘦𝘦-𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘶𝘢𝘨𝘦 𝘯𝘦𝘸𝘴𝘱𝘢𝘱𝘦𝘳. 𝘈𝘮𝘶𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘭𝘺, 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘦 1980𝘴, 𝘚𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘪 𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 - 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘦𝘦𝘵 𝘸𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘯, 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘴. 𝘚𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘪 𝘴𝘰𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘦𝘴𝘵 𝘧𝘪𝘭𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘕𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘈𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘴 – 𝘋𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘞𝘰𝘭𝘷𝘦𝘴 (1990), 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘓𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘔𝘰𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘴 (1992), 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘺𝘦𝘥 𝘎𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘮𝘰 𝘪𝘯 𝘎𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘮𝘰: 𝘈𝘯 𝘈𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘓𝘦𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘥 (1993). 𝘊𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘧𝘪𝘦𝘳𝘤𝘦 𝘐𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘯 𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘳, 𝘚𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘪 𝘢𝘭𝘴𝘰 𝘢𝘱𝘱𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘴 𝘢 𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘦𝘧𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘑𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘴 𝘊𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘯’𝘴 𝘈𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘢𝘳 (2009). 𝘏𝘦 𝘢𝘭𝘴𝘰 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘏𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘭𝘦𝘴 (2017), 𝘣𝘺 𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘺𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘊𝘩𝘦𝘺𝘦𝘯𝘯𝘦 𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘦𝘧 𝘠𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸 𝘏𝘢𝘸𝘬. 𝘛𝘰 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘭𝘶𝘥𝘦, 𝘚𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘪 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘏𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘞𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘯 𝘗𝘦𝘳𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘣𝘺 𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢 𝘞𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘯 𝘏𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘨𝘦 𝘈𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘪𝘯 2013; 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 2019 𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘯 𝘈𝘤𝘢𝘥𝘦𝘮𝘺 𝘏𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘳𝘺 𝘈𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥.

A photograph of Indian interpreter Julius Meyer (top left), Chief Red Cloud of the Sioux (top right), Chief "Young" Sitting Bull of the Oglallas (bottom left), Chief Swift Bear of the Arapaho (center) and Chief Spotted Tail of the Broule (bottom right) en route to Washington, DC to meet with Ulysses S. Grant to discuss the Black Hills.
Picture_: Hultons arkiv via Getty Images

Geronimo was born in No-doyohn Canon, Arizona, June 1829, near Clifton, Arizona, from the Bedonkohe Apache tribe. He was named Goyathlay (One Who Yawns) the fourth in a family of four boys and four girls. In 1846, when he was seventeen, he was admitted to the Warriors ' Council, which allowed him to marry. He was soon allowed to marry a woman named Alope, and the couple had three children.
The tribe, at peace with the Mexican cities and nearby Indian tribes, moved to New Mexico in the mid-1850s where they could trade. They've been camping outside a Mexican town called Kas-ki-yeh for several days. The rest of the men went to the city to trade, leaving a few warriors to guard the camp. Many women and children who told them that Mexican troops had invaded their camp met them when they returned from town.
They went back to camp to find their guard guards killed, and their horses, provisions and weapons were gone. Even worse, there were also many women and children killed. Goyathlay's daughter, mother, and three children were among those who lay dead, and as a result he despised all Mexicans for the rest of his life.
It was his family's slaughter that made him a brave warrior from a friendly Native. He soon joined a fearsome Apache tribe known as Chiricahua and engaged in several attacks in northern Mexico and across the border into U.S. territory, now known as the New Mexico and Arizona states.

GRAHAM GREENE - Born June 22, 1952, on the Six Nations Reserve in Ohsweken, Ontario, Mr. Greene is a 68 year old FIRST NATIONS Canadian actor who belongs to the ONEIDA tribe. He has worked on stage, in film, and in TV productions in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his 1990 performance in "Dances with Wolves". Other films you may have seen him in include Thunderheart, Maverick, Die Hard with a Vengeance, the Green Mile, and Wind River. Graham Greene graduated from the Centre for Indigenous Theatre in 1974 & immediately began performing in professional theatre in Toronto and England, while also working as an audio technician for area rock bands. His TV debut was in 1979 and his screen debut in 1983. His acting career has now spanned over 4 decades & he remains as busy as ever. In addition to the Academy Award nomination for Dance with Wolves, he has been consistently recognized for his work, and also received nominations in 1994, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2016. Graham Greene lives in Toronto, Canada, married since 1994, and has 1 adult daughter.
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White Hawk. Cheyenne. Photo by L.A. Huffman. Late 1800s

Cherokee Women and Their Important Roles:
Women in the Cherokee society were equal to men. They could earn the title of War Women and sit in councils as equals. This privilege led an Irishman named Adair who traded with the Cherokee from 1736-1743 to accuse the Cherokee of having a "petticoat government".
Clan kinship followed the mother's side of the family. The children grew up in the mother's house, and it was the duty of an uncle on the mother's side to teach the boys how to hunt, fish, and perform certain tribal duties. The women owned the houses and their furnishings. Marriages were carefully negotiated, but if a woman decided to divorce her spouse, she simply placed his belongings outside the house. Cherokee women also worked hard. They cared for the children, cooked, tended the house, tanned skins, wove baskets, and cultivated the fields. Men helped with some household chores like sewing, but they spent most of their time hunting.
Cherokee girls learned by example how to be warriors and healers. They learned to weave baskets, tell stories, trade, and dance. They became mothers and wives, and learned their heritage. The Cherokee learned to adapt, and the women were the core of the Cherokee.
Photo : ~ Cherokee mixed Native American actress, Faye Warren.

"Children must early learn the Beauty of Generosity They are taught to give what they prize most that they may taste the Happiness of Giving.. It was our Belief that the love of possessions is a weakness.. if allowed its way it will in time disturb One's Spiritual Balance"

Brenda Schad
Model and actress Brenda Schad is Choctaw and Cherokee.
Brenda has appeared on the cover of Cosmopolitan UK, Vogue, ELLE and GQ UK magazines.
She's also made a few movies, Awake (2007), Head Over Heels (2001) and D.R.E.A.M. Team (1999 TV movie).
This beautiful woman also founded the Native American Children's Fund in Oklahoma.

Mrs. Taha George, the wife of Chief George Slahholt, on the Burrard Reserve in Vancouver, British Columbia - Tsleil-Waututh - 1957
{Note: Chief George Slahholt and Mrs. Taha George were the parents of Chief Dan George (b.1899 - d.1981).}

𝗣𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘁𝗹𝗲 𝗴𝗶𝗿𝗹 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗘𝘀𝗸𝗶𝗺𝗼 𝗱𝗼𝗴
No, that is not a wolf cub that this sweet little Native American girl is holding. She is holding on to her Canadian Eskimo Dog, also known as a "Native American Dog." The dogs look similar to that of a husky, but share features with the Alaskan Malamutes, Greenland dogs, and even the small chihuahua.
Their ancestor was the Eurasian Grey Wolf, who were brought to North America with the those who migrated across the Beringian Land Bridge over 9,000 years ago. These dogs were used as watch dogs, sled dogs and companions.

Awesome Vintage Photograph of A Native American
Photographer & Tribe: Un Known

CHULA (AKA: Bull Head, Little Chief & Stamixo'tokan). He was the head chief of the Tsuu T'ina at the signing of Treaty 7 in 1877. Chief Bull Head was born in 1833 to a long lineage, and a fine tradition of Tsuu T'ina chiefs. The Tsuu T'ina were originally from a northern Deane tribe (Beaver people) who split hundreds of years ago. Oral tradition story tellers recall that after a disagreement between two of the chiefs brothers (possibly over the accidental death of a prized dog). An estimated two hundred members of the tribe led by one of the brothers moved into the territory of the Niitsitapi (Siksika/Blackfoot).
Here is the Tsuu T'ina's own creation story:
About 3,000 years ago when the Athabascan were one Nation (Tsuu T'ina means ‘a great number of people’), a great separation occurred in the north.
As the People were crossing a frozen lake in the deep cold winter, a small child noticed a horn sticking up from under the ice. He cried for the horn to play with, and to stop the child from crying, his grandmother took out her stone axe to try pry the horn free, thinking that someone ahead of them had dropped the horn.
What she did not realize was the horn was attached to the head of a monster sleeping under the ice. The grandmother unknowingly woke up the monster and it stood up, busting through the ice and separating the People.
Instead of re-grouping, the Athabascan branched out and settled to our present day locations.
This story of separation is similar in all Athabascan history. For example, The Dene say the horn was an Elk horn attached to a frozen carcass. Their story says that the weight of the carcass, combined with the grandmother chipping the ice and the weight of the People crossing, was the reason the ice broke through. The Navajo have the same story, except the horn was on a Buffalo carcass. The moral of the story is ‘ never spoil the children.
After the great separation, the Tsuu T ’ ina travelled south with a smaller population and came into Blackfoot territory. This area covered the North Saskatchewan river south to the Yellowstone river in Montana, and from the Rocky mountains east to the Cypress Hills and on into Manitoba.
Previous historical sources refer to the group as the Sarcee. "Sa arsi" is a Blackfoot word meaning "not good", often interpreted as "Stubborn", perhaps referring to the Tsuu T'ina's resolve not to be displaced despite raids and battles. Over time the Tsuu T'ina were adopted by the Blackfoot as part of their confederacy. During that time they lived in the area of Great Slave Lake and the edge of the Rocky Mountains. In 1865 Bull Heads older brother was killed by the Cree, by 1870 he had adopted his brothers name "Bull Head" and became chief. Described as a wiley warrior his war tally includes thirty battles, five enemy kills, three scalps, and numerous horses, and war trophies captured. As chief Bull Head promoted a nomadic and traditional lifestyle and is remembered for his abiding and steadfast dedication to his people.
By November 1880 Bull head and his people were starving, the buffalo were long gone, and his tribe aimlessly wandered the plains. Bull Head and his warriors approached Fort Calgary and told the four guards that if the tribe was not given food they would take over the Fort, Hudson Bay store and the I.G. Bakery. Thirty two soldiers responded from Fort Macleod to quell the unrest and find a resolution. As a result the Tsuu T'ina were allowed a winter camp at Fort Macleod, and in spring 1881 Bull Head and his followers moved to a temporary reserve S.W. of Fort Calgary.
When the government and Chief Crowfoot settled on a permanent reserve for the Blackfoot in southern Alberta the Tsuu T'ina initially went along and they shared a reserve near Gleichien, but there were problems. Bull Head, using his persuasive skills, lobbied the federal government for a reserve located next to Fish Creek, southwest of Calgary. He wrote a letter to Ottawa outlining the problems encountered at Blackfoot Crossing, and explained that since the Tsuu T'ina had a distinct language, culture and tradition they deserved to be treated as a sovereign nation with its own land.
On June 27, 1883 the Tsuu T'ina were given their own reserve near Elbow River and Fish Creek, the reserve was 108 square km. in the rolling foothills along the mountains. Although the land was difficult to cultivate, and the Tsuu T'ina initially did not take to farming Bull Head inspired willingness in his people to succeed. Being next to the town of Calgary brought drinking, prostitution, and grifters to influence the first nations people. Bull Head himself made the paper several times with alcohol getting the better of his considerable size and strength, although his warrior nature was generally unaffected. At the same time he also protected his people. Once when a wash basin was taken to be turned into a drum for a ceremony he confronted the arresting officers looking for the thief by telling them "(His people) need a drum more than the town folk need a wash basin" and that was the end of that.
By 1895 the Tsuu T'ina were devastated, indian agent Samual Bringham Lucas observed "Until recently they considered themselves doomed to extinction in the near future and did not appear to wish to exert themselves to avoid what they considered their inevitable fate." Although Bull Head was described by Superintendant McIllree as "...a very bad man who exhibits a most pernicious influence over people", it was that attitude which saved his tribe and his land. Despite the struggle and starvation the Tsuu T'ina never gave up, and continued to survive and adapt. They also resolved to never give up their land, and to this day a carin of stones on the reserve has grown over time added to by the tribal members in rememberance to always keep their bit of land. Bull Head always maintained his traditional religion and values. Bull Head is to be remembered as an outstanding leader and pivotal player in Tsuu T'ina culture and history. He succumbed to consumption in 1911 and his successor was Jim Big Plume.

Wahtawaso (aka Princess Wahtawaso, aka Bright Star, aka Lucy Nicolar), from Old Town, Maine - Penobscot - 1905
Lucy Nicolar was born in 1882, in Old Town, Maine on the Penobscot Reservation, the daughter of Joseph & Elizabeth Nicolar. Later Lucy married a Kiowa man from Oklahoma named Bruce John Poolaw.

Then & Now
Lakota Sioux woman in 1899 & Lakota Sioux woman today.

Joseph Jason Namakaeha Momoa was born on August 1, 1979, in Honolulu, Hawaii. He is the son of Coni (Lemke), a photographer, and Joseph Momoa, a painter. His father is of Native Hawaiian and Samoan descent; and his mother, who is from Iowa, is of German, Irish, and Native American ancestry. Jason was raised in Norwalk, Iowa, by his mother. After high school, he moved to Hawaii, where he landed a lead role, beating out of thousands of hopefuls in the TV series Baywatch (1989) (known as "Baywatch Hawaii" in its 10th season). When the show ended, he spent the next couple of years traveling around the world. In 2001, he moved to Los Angeles, where he continued to pursue an acting career. In 2004, after the short-lived TV series North Shore (2004), he was cast as the popular character "Ronon Dex" in the TV series Stargate: Atlantis (2004), which achieved a cult-like following. In 2010, he appeared in the Emmy-nominated HBO series Trò Chơi Vương Quyền (2011), playing the Dothraki king, Khal Drogo. To illustrate to the producers that he was Khal Drogo, he performed the Haka, a traditional war dance of the Maori of New Zealand. The audition was with the same casting director who was casting the titular role in the reboot of Người Anh Hùng Barbarian (2011). Four weeks after being cast as the popular Robert E. Howard character, Momoa began shooting in Bulgaria. His approach, like that of the filmmakers, was to pull from the eight decades of comics and stories as well as the Frank Frazetta images rather than the hugely popular 1982 movie. Jason has a production company, Pride of Gypsies, in which he is expanding his career from actor to filmmaker. He has directed a couple of short films and is working on his feature film debut Road to Paloma (2014), which is pulled from a series of stories that he's been developing over the years, which he calls the Brown Bag Diaries: Ridin' the Blinds in B Minor (2010). Jason lives with his wife, actress Lisa Bonet, with whom he has two children, Lola and Nakoa-Wolf.
I think you will be proud to wear this T-shirt 👇
https://nativesculture.com/collections/t-shirt/products/true

𝗬𝗢𝗨𝗡𝗚 𝗖𝗥𝗢𝗪 𝗪𝗔𝗥𝗥𝗜𝗢𝗥, circa 1887. The brave, Sits Down Spotted, had been incorrectly identified elsewhere as Carries His Food. Native men and women wore earrings. Most tribes of the Northern Plains would slit the ears of young boys and girls with a knife, often marking the event with a ceremony. The pompadour comb-back was common among the Crow of Eastern Montana. Facial hair, eyebrows, and even lashes were often plucked, but the practice diminished after the 1880s.
𝗟.𝗔. 𝗛𝘂𝗳𝗳𝗺𝗮𝗻's Native American portraits rank among the best in USA history. The July 1955 Shamrock (Oil) magazine featured the photo. In that issue, historian J. Evetts Haley proclaimed that Huffman's photographic work "surpasses them all" for "historic subject matter" of the great plains. The photo also appeared in "Before Barbed Wire" (1956), the second book on Huffman. If using a PC, click image to enlarge/clarify.

The Ute Pass Trail originated just below the springs of Manitou, Colorado, through Ute Pass and into the White River country of Utah. With the Indians dragging their travois along this trail, the route became easier to follow and eventually became a safe route to the Colorado gold fields. Starting in 1860, the mineral rushes to Colorado resulted in large settler migrations that began the first major threat to the Ute way of life. These Ute men pose on horseback as part of the marking ceremony for the Ute Pass Trail on August 29,1912. – Courtesy Southern Ute Cultural Center & Museum

National Heart Touching Art Day

NATIVE AMERICAN FACE PAINTING of The Nez Perce, at the Crow Fair Montana
The Nez Perce are an Indigenous people of the Plateau who are presumed to have lived on the Columbia River Plateau in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States since at least the 18th century, interacting with other indigenous nations in a vast network from the western shores of Oregon and Washington, the high plains of Montana, and the northern Great Basin in southern Idaho and northern Nevada.
Most Nez Perce people live in Idaho today. They are a federally recognized tribe - the Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho, one of five federally recognized tribes in the state of Idaho. Some still speak their traditional language.
Nez Perce headdresses were made of a ring of feathers that stood up from a headband. Women and men both wore their hair long, either leaving it loose or putting it into two braids and sometimes wrapped their braids in fur. They also paint their faces for special occasions.
(Captured by photographer Gilberto)