Kognitives Educational Service

JAMB Cutoff for 2020 has been announced.

It is 160.

To continue preparing for your waec examination despite the lockdown, feel free to visit our YouTube link to get update on our free subject.

YouTube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9qcLYTIGRGWpXaw8foxgcg

*FREE TUTORIAL VIDEOS FOR OUR STUDENTS*

As part of our relief effort to support secondary school students in Nigeria and beyond, that are currently out of school due to the disruptive effect the Covid-19 pandemic has unlished on our educational system and learning, we at Kognitives Educational Services have decided to give free access to our E-Learning educational content designed for students in secondary school. WHAT YOU NEED TO BENEFIT FROM THIS. 1. Smart Phones or computer 2. Data or internet access 3. YouTube account. The contents comprising of different subjects will be uploaded to our youTube Channel KOGNITIVES ED on a weekly basis, please ensure you are subscribed to the YouTube channel and turn on the notification icon to get instant update on new video uploads. Please endeavour to share this with your school mates and other kids you know from other schools. in addition you can post a comment in video or written format about your user experience, recommendations and commendations and tag us on our social media handle.
1. facebook https://www.facebook.com/officialkognitives/
2. Instagram Https://instagram.com/official_kognitives/?hl=en
It is our utmost desire that this provision gives so many an opportunity to keep up with their learning during this lock down period. Always remember to maintain your social distance and keep a good personal hygiene.

YouTube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9qcLYTIGRGWpXaw8foxgcg

As part of our relief effort to support secondary school students in Nigeria and beyond, that are currently out of school due to the disruptive effect the Covid-19 pandemic has unlished on our educational system and learning, we at Kognitives Educational Services have decided to give free access to our E-Learning educational content designed for students in secondary school. WHAT YOU NEED TO BENEFIT FROM THIS. 1. Smart Phones or computer 2. Data or internet access 3. YouTube account. The contents comprising of different subjects will be uploaded to our youTube Channel KOGNITIVES ED on a weekly basis, please ensure you are subscribed to the YouTube channel and turn on the notification icon to get instant update on new video uploads. Please endeavour to share this with your school mates and other kids you know from other schools. in addition you can post a comment in video or written format about your user experience, recommendations and commendations and tag us on our social media handle.
1. facebook https://www.facebook.com/officialkognitives/
2. Instagram Https://instagram.com/official_kognitives/?hl=en
It is our utmost desire that this provision gives so many an opportunity to keep up with their learning during this lock down period. Always remember to maintain your social distance and keep a good personal hygiene.

YouTube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9qcLYTIGRGWpXaw8foxgcg

Kognitives Ed

Verified!!! 🔥
Jamb 2020 Examination Reprinting has official commenced.
Check your Mail now or get directed to Jamb Portal.👌

Dear subscribers,

our website is currently on unprecedented maintenance, you may not be able to access our website. We are sorry for any inconvenience this may have caused you. Be assured we will be back online shortly.

NOTICE:
UTME main examination reprinting will commence on the 7th of March 2020.

The result of the 2020 mock exercise has been released. All candidates who participated in the exercise are to visit: jamb.org.ng and key in their registration numbers to check their results.

To enroll our jamb, waec and neco tutorials, follow this process.

Click on menu—> click on buy tutorial.
Chose your payment method.
If you want to pay using your atm card, click on pay by credit card.

If you want to do a transfer click on pay by check. You will see a zenith account number, pay to that account.

The tutorial cost N2,000 only.

Those that wrote mock

Pls share your experience

Click on the link to view our free tutorial for jamb , waec and neco. https://m.youtube.com/channel/UCrGP07MqLZueVMs0wwgAU8w

To have access to all our tutorials register on our website and subscribe www.kognitives.com

Jamb registration is ending soon. So get prepared for the exam by learning with our well prepared tutorial.

To enroll our tutorials, follow this process.

Click on menu—> click on buy tutorial.
Chose your payment method.
If you want to pay using your atm card, click on pay by credit card.

If you want to do a transfer click on pay by check. You will see a zenith account number, pay to that account.

The tutorial cost N2,000 only.

Mention your university of 1st choice and see those that chose the same university.

For tutorials/scholarship go to
www.kognitives.com

After registering your jamb, what is next?

Visit www.kognitives.com and register for your jamb, waec and neco Tutorial.

Full List of JAMB Subject Combinations for all Courses | 2019 JAMB
Contents [show]

Note that English Language is compulsory for all. Hence, it is already an automatic part of the subject combinations.

Faculty of Administration | JAMB Subject Combinations
1. Accountancy:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics and any other Social Science subject. (See other requirements)

2. Banking and Finance:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics, plus one of Government and Geography. (See other requirements)

3. Business Administration:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics plus one of Government and Geography. (See other requirements)

4. Business Management:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics plus one of Government and Geography. (See other requirements)

5. Cooperative and Rural Development:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics plus one other subject. (See other requirements)

6. Human Resources Management:
Use of English, Economics, Government and any other relevant subjects. (See other requirements)

7. Industrial Relations:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics plus one other relevant subject. (See other requirements)

8. Insurance:
English, Mathematics, Economics and one other subject. (See other requirements)

9. International Relations:
Use of English, Economics, Literature in English and Geography/Government/History. (See other requirements)

10. Marketing:
Use of English, Mathematics, Economics plus one other relevant Subject. (See other requirements)

11. Mass Communication:
Use of English, Literature in English, Economics and Government. (See other requirements)

12. Tourism:
English, Mathematics, Economics and any other subject. (See other requirements)

Faculty of Agriculture | JAMB Subject Combinations
1. Agriculture:
English, Chemistry, Biology/Agriculture and any one of Physics and Mathematics. (See other requirements)

2. Agricultural Economics:
English Language, Chemistry, Biology/ Agricultural Science and Mathematics

HOW TO APPLY FOR SCHOLARSHIP:

NOTE: To qualify for our scholarship, you have to first register and pay N2,000 for our tutorial videos on our website.

With its aim to make education reach so many Nigerian students, Kognitives will be giving our a scholarship worth N200,000 each, to students who excel in their jamb examinations and gain admission into any university or polytechnic.
To apply follow these steps——>

Note that before you can be eligible for a scholarship, you need to register and pay for our tutorial video on our website www.kognitives.com, which cost N2,000.

After registering and subscribing to our tutorial videos, click on menu ——>click on “Apply for Scholarship——->Then fill in all details correctly. Then click on send.
Your informations are saved and will be contacted if any further details are required from you.

Register here: www.kognitives.com

Kognitives – Simplified Online Education We pride ourselves on providing the most up-to-date content for UTME candidates to learn each subjects with animated videos.

JAMB 2020 Registration!
HOW TO REGISTER FOR JAMB 2020/2021.

The aim of this post is to guide prospective Jamb Candidates in order to ensure a stress-free exercise.

Here are the steps on how to successfully register for JAMB 2020;

1) Create JAMB Profile and Get Confirmation Code.

2) Buy Your JAMB form E-Pin.

3) Go to the Nearest CBT Registration Center and complete your Registration.

STEP 1: CREATE A JAMB PROFILE AND GET CONFIRMATION CODE:

The candidate will create a JAMB Profile with Phone SMS.
To create Jamb Profile: Simply text your full name, for example " Great Chinemerem Okezie" to 55019, you will get a profile confirmation code instantly. The service is just #50.

: Make sure the name being used, is the same with the one on your School Results and other Official Documents.
Also, ensure you use a NEW Number that has not been used for Jamb Registration before now.

STEP 2: PURCHASE JAMB E-PIN:

After obtaining your Profile confirmation code via text message, you proceed further to purchase your E-Pin.

Jamb 2020 Form(E-pin) can be obtained in:
i) Designated Banks like;
a. Zenith bank
b. First bank
c. Eco bank
d. Fidelity bank
e. Access (diamond) bank
f. GTB bank
g. Sterling bank
h. Union bank etc.

ii) Microfinance banks
iii) Jamb Portal via Remita
iv) USSD Partners

After successfully paying for the E-Pin in any of the place stated above, a Form containing your E-Pin will be printed for you and possibly a text message will be sent to you, which has the E-Pin.

: E-Pin is #3,500 excluding Bank charges.

STEP 3: VISIT A CBT CENTER TO COMPLETE YOUR REGISTRATION:

Moreso, after getting your Profile confirmation code and E-Pin, the next phase is to complete your registration at a JAMB 2020 accredited CBT center.

To locate the nearest CBT center, Simply search on Google, for example "Jamb 2020 Accredited CBT Centres in Imo State" using your own state.
A list will display containing Jamb 2020 CBT Centres and their locations.

Moving on, Eat enough Food😊before going to the CBT Centre, this is Nigeria, where you go very early and return home late over an exercise, that would have lasted for just 30 minutes.

Go to the Centre with your O'level result, ie Waec, Neco, GCE or Napteb.
Those with awaiting result can also apply, but should upload their results once it's available on Jamb Portal, hence no Admission!

During the Registration Process;
The following will be required:
a. Date of Birth
b. Courses and Institutions of choice
c. Subject Combination
d. E mail address
e. State of Origin
f. Exam Region
g. Biometrics (Finger prints)
h. Life Passport ( no need to go with passport.
I. O'Level Subjects and their grades.
j. Gender etc.

Service charge= #700
Novel= #500

So, the total amount of money for Jamb 2020 Registration is #4,700.

: Ensure you give the accurate information and be diligent to avoid making ERRORS, mistakes can also be made by the Computer Operator in the process, so Shine your eyes😳, any mistake made, will cost you money before it can be rectified.

Feel free to ask your questions, using the Comment Box!

.

Hi, we are glad to inform you that utme registration starts today.
Please ensure to start your registration as early as possible, because the duration for the registration will only last for one month.
Kognitives enducational services wishes all jambite success in the forthcoming examinations.
Kognitives Team.

JAMB suspend the use of NIN for jamb 2020 registration.

BREAKING: NIN will no longer be a prerequisite for the 2020 UTME and Direct Entry Examination as it has been suspended to 2021 ~ Registrar

JAMB 2020 Registration Pre-Information - Official Price, Procedures and Warnings.

Before the commencement of JAMB UTME 2020 registration on 13th January, the board has just released more information about the procedure for registration. JAMB insists that a candidate must have obtained the National Identity Number (NIN) before commencement of registration. ONLY ONE mobile number can be used by one candidate to register for the exam.

Candidates are advised to start preparation early with the PASS NG JAMB CBT Mobile App for android phones or the PASS NG JAMB CBT Software for Computer systems. Both contain over 60,000 JAMB past questions and answers to help you get adequately ready for the exam.

Schools, Institutions, Tutorial Centres, Business Centres & Cafes can start setting up their CBT Centres to become JAMB CBT Agents and Training Centres to help train students for the upcoming exams. For details on how to proceed, please click here.

After a candidate has obtained his NIN, assuming it is 1234567890, each candidate will be required to create a profile code through his mobile number by sending an SMS in the format "NIN 1234567890" and send it to 55019. After sending the SMS, you would receive a confirmation message with your PROFILE CODE, and the full name used to register your NIN. This will be used for pre-registration checking.

If you encounter any error in your biodata, candidates are to seek correction from any NIMC office.

The PROFILE CODE is what will be required for you to purchase the 2020 UTME/DE registration e-pin.

WARNINGS:

1. JAMB has warned that you should not give your password to any person, not even JAMB.

2. Do not take register twice. This also means you should not take UTME and DE for the same year. If required, you will be able to upgrade your UTME to DE at no cost.

3. If there is an error during the registration process, only seek correction from JAMB.

4. UTME and DE registration close on the same date, and there will be no extension.

Official Price/Cost of JAMB for 2020 UTME are as follows;

UTME/DE form is N3,500

Reading text is N500

CBT service charge is N700

Ensure you only pay the above prices that have been approved by JAMB.

Once full information is released by JAMB to commence registration on 13th January, 2020, we will certainly update the above pre-information. Get Ready!

Kognitives educational services is giving out scholarships worth N200,000 to each students who excel in jamb examination and gain admission into any university.
To apply go to www.kognitives.com

Application is free.

PHYSICS SYLLABUS FOR JAMB 2020/2021.

These course objectives are as follows:
(1) sustain their interest in physics;
(2) develop attitude relevant to physics that encourage accuracy, precision and objectivity;
(3) interpret physical phenomena, laws, definitions, concepts and other theories;
(4) demonstrate the ability to solve correctly physics problems using relevant theories and concepts.

1. Measurements and units
Topics:
(a) length, area and volume: metre rule, venier calipers micrometerscrew-guage, measuring cylinder
(b) mass
(i) unit of mass
(ii) use of simple beam balance
(iii) concept of beam balance
(c) time
(i) unit of time
(ii) time-measuring devices
(d) fundamental physical quantities
(e) derived physical quantities and their units
(i) combinations of fundamental quantities and determination of their units
(f) dimensions
(i) definition of dimensions
(ii) simple examples
(g) limitations of experimental measurements
(i) accuracy of measuring instruments
(ii) simple estimation of errors.
(iii) significant figures.
(iv) standard form.
(h) measurement, position, distance and displacement
(i) concept of displacement
(ii) distinction between distance and displacement
(iii) concept of position and coordinates
(iv) frame of reference
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify the units of length, area and volume;
• Use different measuring instruments;
• Determine the lengths, surface areas and volume of regular and irregular bodies;
• Identify the unit of mass;
• Use simple beam balance, e.g buchart’s balance and chemical balance;
• Identify the unit of time;
• Use different time-measuring devices;
• Relate the fundamental physical quantities to their units;
• Deduce the units of derived physical quantities;
• Determine the dimensions of physical quantities;
• Use the dimensions to determine the units of physical quantities;
• Test the homogeneity of an equation;
• Determine the accuracy of measuring instruments;
• Estimate simple errors;
• Express measurements in standard form.
Candidates should be able to:
• Use strings, meter ruler and engineering calipers, vernier calipers and micrometer, screw guage
• Note the degree of accuracy
• Identify distance travel in a specified direction
• Use compass and protractor to locate points/directions
• Use cartesians systems to locate positions in x-y plane
• Plot graph and draw inference from the graph.
2. Scalars and vectors
Topics:
(i) definition of scalar and vector quantities
(ii) examples of scalar and vector quantities
(iii) relative velocity
(iv) resolution of vectors into two perpendicular directions including graphical methods of solution.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities;
• Give examples of scalar and vector quantities;
• Determine the resultant of two or more vectors;
• Determine relative velocity;
• Resolve vectors into two perpendicular components;
• Use graphical methods to solve vector problems;
3. Motion
Topics:

(a) types of motion: translational, oscillatory, rotational, spin and random
(b) relative motion
(c) causes of motion
(d) types of force
(i) contact
(ii) force field
(e) linear motion
(i) speed, velocity and acceleration
(ii) equations of uniformly accelerated motion
(iii) motion under gravity
(iv) distance-time graph and velocity time graph
(v) instantaneous velocity and acceleration.
(f) projectiles:
(i) calculation of range, maximum height and time of flight from the ground and a height
(ii) applications of projectile motion
(g) newton’s laws of motion:
(i) inertia, mass and force
(ii) relationship between mass and acceleration
(iii) impulse and momentum
(iv) force – time graph
(v) conservation of linear momentum (coefficient of restitution not necessary)
(h) motion in a circle:
(i) angular velocity and angular acceleration
(ii) centripetal and centrifugal forces.
(iii) applications
(i) simple harmonic motion (s.h.m):
(i) definition and explanation of simple harmonic motion
(ii) examples of systems that execute s.h.m
(iii) period, frequency and amplitude of s.h.m
(iv) velocity and acceleration of s.h.m
(v) simple treatment of energy change in s.h.m
(vi) force vibration and resonance (simple treatment)
(iii) conservative and non-conservative fields
(iv) acceleration due to gravity
(v) variation of g on the earth’s surface
(iv) distinction between mass and weight
(v) escape velocity
(vi) parking orbit and weightlessness
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify different types of motion ;
• Solve numerical problem on collinear motion;
• Identify force as cause of motion;
• Identify push and pull as form of force
• Identify electric and magnetic attractions, gravitational pull as forms of field forces;
• Differentiate between speed, velocity and acceleration;
• deduce equations of uniformly accelerated motion;
• Solve problems of motion under gravity;
• Interpret distance-time graph and velocity-time graph;
• Compute instantaneous velocity and acceleration
• Establish expressions for the range, maximum height and time of flight of projectiles;
• Solve problems involving projectile motion;
• Solve numerical problems involving impulse and momentum;
• Interpretation of area under force – time graph
• .Interpret newton’s laws of motion;
• Compare inertia, mass and force;
• Deduce the relationship between mass and acceleration;
• Interpret the law of conservation of linear momentum and application
• Establish expression for angular velocity, angular acceleration and centripetal force;
• Solve numerical problems involving motion in a circle;
• Establish the relationship between period and frequency;
• Analyse the energy changes occurring during s.h.m
• Identify different types of forced vibration
• Enumerate applications of resonance.
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify the expression for gravitational force between two bodies;
• Apply newton’s law of universal gravitation;
• Give examples of conservative and non-
• conservative fields;
• Deduce the expression for gravitational field potentials;
• Identify the causes of variation of g on the earth’s surface;
• Differentiate between mass and weight;
• Determine escape velocity
5. Equilibrium of forces
Topics:
(a) equilibrium of particles:
(i) equilibrium of coplanar forces
(ii) triangles and polygon of forces
(iii) lami’s theorem
(b) principles of moments
(i) moment of a force
(ii) simple treatment and moment of a couple (torgue)
(iii) applications
(c) conditions for equilibrium of rigid bodies under the action of parallel and non-parallel forces
(i) resolution and composition of forces in two perpendicular directions,
(ii) resultant and equilibrant
(d) centre of gravity and stability
(i) stable, unstable and neutral equilibra
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Apply the conditions for the equilibrium of coplanar forces to solve problems;
• Use triangle and polygon laws of forces to solve equilibrium problems;
• Use lami’s theorem to solve problems;
• Analyse the principle of moment of a force;
• Determine moment of a force and couple;
• Describe some applications of moment of a force and couple;
• Apply the conditions for the equilibrium of rigid bodies to solve problems;
• Resolve forces into two perpendicular directions;
• Determine the resultant and equilibrant of forces;
• Differentiate between stable, unstable and neutral equilibra.

6. (a) work, energy and power
Topics:
(i) definition of work, energy and power
(ii) forms of energy
(vii) conservation of energy
(iv) qualitative treatment between different forms of energy
(viii) interpretation of area under the force-distance curve
(b) energy and society
(i) sources of energy
(ii) renewable and non-renewable energy eg coal, crude oil etc
(iii) uses of energy
(iv) energy and development
(v) energy diversification
(vi) environmental impact of energy eg global warming, green house effect and spillage
(vii) energy crises
(viii)conversion of energy
(ix) devices used in energy production.
(c) dams and energy production
(i) location of dams
(ii) energy production
(d) nuclear energy
(e) solar energy
(i) solar collector
(ii) solar panel for energy supply.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between work, energy and power;
• Compare different forms of energy, giving examples;
• Apply the principle of conservation of energy;
• Examine the transformation between different forms of energy;
• Interpret the area under the force -distance curve.
• Solve numerical problems in work, energy and power.
Candidates should be able to:
• Itemize the sources of energy
• Distinguish between renewable and non- renewable energy, examples should be given
• Identify methods of energy transition
• Explain the importance of energy in the development of the society
• Analyze the effect of energy use to the environment
• Identify the impact of energy on the environment
• Identify energy sources that are friendly or hazardous to the environment
• Identify energy uses in their immediate environment
• Suggests ways of safe energy use
• State different forms of energy conversion.
7. Friction
Topics:
(i) static and dynamic friction
(ii) coefficient of limiting friction and its determination.
(iii) advantages and disadvantages of friction
(iv) reduction of friction
(v) qualitative treatment of viscosity and terminal velocity.
(vi) stoke’s law.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between static and dynamic friction
• Determine the coefficient of limiting friction;
• Compare the advantages and disadvantages of friction;
• Suggest ways by which friction can be reduced;
• Analyse factors that affect viscosity and terminal velocity;
• Apply stoke’s law.
8. Simple machines
Topics:
(i) definition of simple machines
(ii) types of machines
(iii) mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency of machines
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify different types of simple machines;
• Solve problems involving simple machines.
9. Elasticity
Topics:
(i) elastic limit, yield point, breaking point, hooke’s law and young’s modulus
(ii) the spring balance as a device for measuring force
(iii.) Work done per unit volume in springs and elastic strings
(i) work done per unit volume in springs and elastic strings.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Interpret force-extension curves;
• Interpret hooke’s law and young’s modulus of a material;
• use spring balance to measure force;
• Determine the work done in spring and elastic strings
10. Pressure
Topics:
(a) atmospheric pressure
(i) definition of atmospheric pressure
(ii) units of pressure (s.i) units (pa)
(iii) measurement of pressure
(iv) simple mercury barometer, aneroid barometer and manometer.
(v) variation of pressure with height
(vi) the use of barometer as an altimeter.
(b) pressure in liquids
(i) the relationship between pressure, depth and density (p = ?gh)
(ii) transmission of pressure in liquids (pascal’s principle)
(iii) application
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Recognize the s.i units of pressure; (pa)
• Identify pressure measuring instruments;
• Relate the variation of pressure to height;
• Use a barometer as an altimeter.
• Determine the relationship between pressure, depth and density;
• Apply the principle of transmission of pressure
• in liquids to solve problems;
• Determine and apply the principle of pressure in liquid;
11. Liquids at rest
Topics:
(i) determination of density of solids and liquids
(ii) definition of relative density
(iii) upthrust on a body immersed in a liquid
(iv) archimede’s principle and law of floatation and applications, e.g. Ships and hydrometers.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Distinguish between density and relative density of substances;
• Determine the upthrust on a body immersed in a liquid
• Apply archimedes’ principle and law of floatation to solve problems
12. Temperature and its measurement
Topics:
(i) concept of temperature
(ii) thermometric properties
(iii) calibration of thermometers
(iv) temperature scales -celsius and kelvin.
(v) types of thermometers
(vi) conversion from one scale of temperature to another
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify thermometric properties of materials that are used for different thermometers;
• Calibrate thermometers;
• Differentiate between temperature scales e.g celsius and kelvin.
• Compare the types of thermometers;
• Convert from one scale of temperature to another.
13. Thermal expansion
Topics:
(a) solids
(i) definition and determination of linear, volume and area expansivities
(ii) effects and applications, e.g. Expansion in building strips and railway lines
(iii) relationship between different expansivities
(b) liquids
(i) volume expansivity
(ii) real and apparent expansivities
(iii) determination of volume expansivity
(iv) anomalous expansion of water
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Determine linear and volume expansivities;
• Assess the effects and applications of thermal expansivities
• Determine the relationship between different expansivities.
• Determine volume, apparent, and real expansivities of liquids;
• Analyse the anomalous expansion of water.
14. Gas laws
Topics:
(i) boyle’s law (isothermal process)
(ii) charle’s law (isobaric process)
(iii) pressure law (volumetric process
(iv) absolute zero of temperature
(v) general gas quation pv \ t = constant
(vi) ideal gas equation eg. Pv = nrt
(vii) van der waal gas
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Interpret the gas laws;
• Use expression of these laws to solve numerical problems.
• Interprete van der waal equation for one mole of a real gas
15. Quantity of heat
Topics:
(i) heat as a form of energy
(ii) definition of heat capacity and specific heat capacity of solids and liquids
(iii) determination of heat capacity and specific heat capacity of substances by simple methods e.g method of mixtures and electrical method and newton’s law of cooling
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between heat capacity and specific heat capacity;
• Determine heat capacity and specific heat capacity using simple methods;
• Solve numerical problems.
16. Change of state
Topics:
(i) latent heat
(ii) specific latent heats of fusion and vaporization;
(iii) melting, evaporation and boiling
(iv) the influence of pressure and of dissolved substances on boiling and melting points.
(ii) application in appliances
Objectives:
• Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between latent heat and specific latent heats of fusion and vaporization;
• Differentiate between melting, evaporation and boiling;
• Examine the effects of pressure and of dissolved substance on boiling and melting points.
• Solve numerical problems
17. Vapours
Topics:
• Unsaturated and saturated vapours
• Relationship between saturated vapour pressure (s.v.p) and boiling
• Determination of s.v.p by barometer tube method
• Formation of dew, mist, fog, and rain
• Study of dew point, humidity and relative humidity
• Hygrometry; estimation of the humidity of the atmosphere using wet and dry bulb hygrometers.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated vapours;
• Relate saturated vapour pressure to boiling point;
• Determine s.v.p by barometer tube method
• Differentiate between dew point, humidity and relative humidity;
• Estimate the humidity of the atmosphere using wet and dry bulb hygrometers.
• Solve numerical problems
18. Structure of matter and kinetic theory
Topics:
• Molecular nature of matter
• Atoms and molecules
• Molecular theory: explanation of brownian motion, diffusion, surface tension, capillarity, adhesion, cohesion and angles of contact etc
• Examples and applications.
• Kinetic theory
• Assumptions of the kinetic theory
• using the theory to explain the pressure exerted by gas, boyle’s law, charles’ law, melting, boiling, vapourization, change in temperature, evaporation, etc.

Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between atoms and molecules;
• Use molecular theory to explain brownian motion , diffusion, surface, tension, capillarity, adhesion, cohesion and angle of contact;
• Examine the assumptions of kinetic theory;
• Interpret kinetic theory, the pressure exerted by gases boyle’s law, charle’s law melting,boiling vaporization, change in temperature, evaporation, etc.
19. Heat transfer
Topics:
• Conduction, convection and radiation as modes of heat transfer
• Temperature gradient, thermal conductivity and heat flux
• Effect of the nature of the surface on the energy radiated and absorbed by it.
• The conductivities of common materials.
• The thermos flask
• Land and sea breeze
• Engines
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between conduction, convection and radiation as modes of heat transfer;
• Solve problems on temperature gradient, thermal conductivity and heat flux;
• Assess the effect of the nature of the surface on the energy radiated and absorbed by it;
• Compare the conductivities of common materials;
• Relate the component part of the working of the thermos flask;
• Differentiate between land and sea breeze.
• To analyse the principles of operating internal combustion jet engines, rockets
20. Waves
Topics:
Production and propagation
• wave motion,
• Vibrating systems as source of waves
• Waves as mode of energy transfer
• Distinction between particle motion and wave motion
• Relationship between frequency, wavelength and wave velocity v = f λ
• Phase difference, wave number and wave vector
• Progressive wave equation e.g y = a sin 2π / λ (vt + or – x)
(b) Classification
• types of waves; mechanical and electromagnetic waves
• Longitudinal and transverse waves
• Stationary and progressive waves
• Examples of waves from springs, ropes, stretched strings and the ripple tank.
(c) Characteristics/properties
• Reflection, refraction, diffraction and plane polarization
• Superposition of waves e.g interference
• Beats
• Doppler effects (qualitative treatment only)

Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Interpret wave motion;
• Identify vibrating systems as sources of waves;
• Use waves as a mode of energy transfer;
• Distinguish between particle motion and wave motion;
• Relate frequency and wave length to wave velocity;
• Determine phase difference, wave number and wave vector
• Use the progressive wave equation to compute basic wave parameters;
• Differentiate between mechanical and electromagnetic waves;
• Differentiate between longitudinal and transverse waves
• Distinguish between stationary and progressive waves;
• Indicate the example of waves generated from springs, ropes, stretched strings and the ripple tank;
• Differentiate between reflection, refraction, diffraction and plane polarization of waves;
• Analyse the principle of superposition of waves.
• Solve numerical problems on waves
• Explain the phenomenon of beat, beat frequency and uses
• Explain doppler effect of sound and application
21. Propagation of sound waves
Topics:
• The necessity for a material medium
• Speed of sound in solids, liquids and air;
• Reflection of sound; echoes, reverberation and their applications
• Disadvantages of echoes and reverberations
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Determine the need for a material medium in the propagation of sound waves;
• Compare the speed of sound in solids, liquids and air;
• Relate the effects of temperature and pressure to the speed of sound in air;
• Solve problem on echoes, reverberation and speed
• Compare the disadvantages and advantages of echoes.
• Solve problems on echo, reverberation and speed of sound
22. Characteristics of sound waves
Topics:
• Noise and musical notes
• Quality, pitch, intensity and loudness and their application to musical instruments;
• Simple treatment of overtones produced by vibrating strings and their columns f_o = 1/2l √ t / μ (μ = m / l )
• Acoustic examples of resonance
• Frequency of a note emitted by air columns in closed and open pipes in relation to their lengths.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between noise and musical notes;
• Analyse quality, pitch, intensity and loudness of sound notes;
• Evaluate the application of (ii) above in the construction of musical instruments;
• Identify overtones by vibrating stings and air columns;
• Itemize acoustical examples of resonance;
• Determine the frequencies of notes emitted by air columns in open and closed pipes in relation to their lengths.
23. Light energy
Topics:
(a) Sources of light:
• Natural and artificial sources of light
• Luminous and non-luminous objects
(b) Propagation of light
Speed, frequency and wavelength of light
Formation of shadows and eclipse
The pin-hole camera.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Compare the natural and artificial sources of light;
• Differentiate between luminous and non luminous objects;
• Relate the speed, frequency and wavelength of light;
• Interpret the formation of shadows and eclipses;
• Solve problems using the principle of operation of a pin-hole camera.
24. Reflection of light at plane and curved surfaces
Topics:
• Laws of reflection.
• Application of reflection of light
• Formation of images by plane, concave and convex mirrors and ray diagrams
• Use of the mirror formula 1/f = 1/u + 1/v
• Linear magnification
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Compare the natural and artificial sources of light;
• Differentiate between luminous and non luminous objects;
• Relate the speed, frequency and wavelength of light;
• Interpret the formation of shadows and eclipses;
• Solve problems using the principle of operation of a pin-hole camera.
25. Refraction of light through at plane and curved surfaces

Topics:
• Explanation of refraction in terms of velocity of light in the media.
• Laws of refraction
• Definition of refractive index of a medium
• Determination of refractive index of glass and liquid using snell’s law
• Real and apparent depth and lateral displacement
• Critical angle and total internal reflection
(b) Glass prism
• Use of the minimum deviation formula u = sin [a + d / 2 / sin [a / 2]
• Type of lenses
• Use of lens formula 1/f = 1/u + 1/v and newton’s formular (f2 = ab)
• Magnification
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Interpret the laws of reflection;
• Illustrate the formation of images by plane, concave and convex mirrors;
• Apply the mirror formula to solve optical problems;
• Determine the linear magnification;
• Apply the laws of reflection of light to the working of periscope, kaleidoscope and the sextant.
Candidates should be able to:
• Interpret the laws of reflection;
• Determine the refractive index of glass and liquid using snell’s law;
• Determine the refractive index using the principle of real and apparent depth;
• Determine the conditions necessary for total internal reflection;
• Examine the use of periscope, prism, binoculars, optical fibre;
• Apply the principles of total internal reflection to the formation of mirage;
• Use of lens formula and ray diagrams to solve optical numerical problems;
• Determine the magnification of an image;
• Calculate the refractive index of a glass prism using minimum deviation formula.
26. Optical instruments
Topics:
• The principles of microscopes, telescopes, projectors, cameras and the human eye (physiological details of the eye are not required)
• Power of a lens
• Angular magnification
• Near and far points
• Sight defects and their corrections
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Apply the principles of operation of optical instruments to solve problems;
• Distinguish between the human eye and the cameras;
• Calculate the power of a lens;
• Evaluate the angular magnification of optical instruments;
• Determine the near and far points;
• Detect sight defects and their corrections.
27. Dispersion of light and colours
Topics:
• Dispersion of white light by a triangular prism
• Production of pure spectrum
• Colour mixing by addition and subtraction
• Colour of objects and colour filters
• Rainbow
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:.
• Identify primary colours and obtain secondary colours by mixing;
• Understand the formation of rainbow
• Deduces why objects have colours;
• Relate the expression for gravitational force between two bodies;
• Apply newton’s law of universal gravitation;
• Analyse colours using colour filters
• Analyse the electromagnetic spectrum in relation to their wavelengths, sources, detection and uses
28. Electrostatics
Topics:
• Existence of positive and negative charges in matter
• Charging a body by friction, contact and induction
• Electroscope
• Coulomb’s inverse square law, electric field and potential
• Electric field intensity and potential difference
• Electric discharge and lightning
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify charges;
• Examine uses of an electroscope;
• Apply coulomb’s square law of electrostatics to solve problems;
• Deduce expressions for electric field intensity and potential difference;
• Identify electric field flux patterns of isolated and interacting charges;
• Analyse the distribution of charges on a
• conductor and how it is used in lightening conductors.
29. Capacitors
Topics:
• Types and functions of capacitors
• Parallel plate capacitors
• Capacitance of a capacitor
• The relationship between capacitance, area separation of plates and medium between the plates. ( c = ea /d )
• Capacitors in series and parallel
• Energy stored in a capacitor
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Determine uses of capacitors;
• Analyse parallel plate capacitors;
• Determine the capacitance of a capacitor;
• Analyse the factors that affect the capacitance of a capacitor;
• Solve problems involving the arrangement of capacitor;
• Determine the energy stored in capacitors
30. Electric cells
Topics:
Simple voltaic cell and its defects;
Daniel cell, leclanche cell (wet and dry)
Lead -acid accumulator and nickel-iron (nife) lithium lron and mercury cadmium
Maintenance of cells and batteries (detail treatment of the chemistry of a cell is not required)
Arrangement of cells
Efficiency of a cell
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify the defects of the simple voltaic cell and their correction
• Compare different types of cells including solar cell;
• Compare the advantages of lead-acid and nikel iron accumulator;
• Solve problems involving series and parallel combination of cells.
31. Current electricity
Topics:
• Electromagnetic force (emf), potential difference (p.d.), current, internal resistance of a cell and lost volt
• Ohm’s law
• Measurement of resistance
• Meter bridge
• Resistance in series and in parallel and their combination
• The potentiometer method of measuring emf, current and internal resistance of a cell.
• Electrical networks
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between emf, p.d., current and internal resistant of a cell;
• Apply ohm’s law to solve problems;
• Use metre bridge to calculate resistance;
• Compute effective total resistance of both parallel and series arrangement of resistors;
• Determine the resistivity and the conductivity of a conductor;
• Measure emf. Current and internal resistance of a cell using the potentiometer.
• Identify the advantages of the potentiometer
• Apply kirchoff’s law in electrical networks

32. Electrical energy and power
Topics:
• Concepts of electrical energy and power
• Commercial unit of electric energy and power
• Electric power transmission
• Heating effects of electric current.
• Electrical wiring of houses
• Use of fuses
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Apply the expressions of electrical energy and power to solve problems;
• Analyse how power is transmitted from the power station to the consumer;
• Identify the heating effects of current and its uses;
• Identify the advantages of parallel arrangement over series
• Determine the fuse rating
33. Magnets and magnetic fields
Topics:
• Natural and artificial magnets
• Magnetic properties of soft iron and steel
• Methods of making magnets and demagnetization
• Concept of magnetic field
• Magnetic field of a permanent magnet
• Magnetic field round a straight current carrying conductor, circular wire and solenoid
• Properties of the earth’s magnetic field; north and south poles, magnetic meridian and angle of dip and declination
• Flux and flux density
• Variation of magnetic field intensity over the earth’s surface
• Applications: earth’s magnetic field in navigation and mineral exploration.
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Give examples of natural and artificial magnets
• Differentiate between the magnetic properties of soft iron and steel;
• Identify the various methods of making magnets and demagnetizing magnets;
• Describe how to keep a magnet from losing its magnetism;
• Determine the flux pattern exhibited when two magnets are placed together pole to pole;
• Determine the flux of a current carrying conductor, circular wire and solenoid including the polarity of the solenoid;
• Determine the flux pattern of a magnet placed in the earth’s magnetic fields;
• Identify the magnetic elements of the earth’s flux;
• Determine the variation of earth’s magnetic field on the earth’s surface;
• Examine the applications of the earth’s magnetic field.
34. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field
Topics:
• Quantitative treatment of force between two parallel current-carrying conductors
• Force on a charge moving in a magnetic field;
• The d. C. Motor
• Electromagnets
• Carbon microphone
• Moving coil and moving iron instruments
• Conversion of galvanometers to ammeters and voltmeter using shunts and multipliers
• Sensitivity of a galvanometer
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Determine the direction of force on a current carrying conductor using fleming’s left-hand rule;
• Interpret the attractive and repulsive forces between two parallel current-carrying conductors using diagrams;
• Determine the relationship between the force, magnetic field strength, velocity and the angle through which the charge enters the field;
• Interpret the working of the d. C. Motor;
• Analyse the principle of electromagnets and give examples of its application;
• Compare moving iron and moving coil instruments;
• Convert a galvanometer into an ammeter or a voltmeter.
• Identify the factors affecting the sensitivity of a galvanometer
35. Electromagnetic induction
Topics:
• Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction
• Factors affecting induced emf
• Lenz’s law as an illustration of the principle of conservation of energy
• c. And d.c generators
• Transformers
• The induction coil
• (b) Inductance
• Explanation of inductance
• Unit of inductance
• Energy stored in an inductor e = 1/2 i^2 l\)
• Application/uses of inductors
• Eddy current
• Reduction of eddy current
• Applications of eddy current
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Interpret the laws of electromagnetic induction;
• Identify factors affecting induced emf;
• Recognize how lenz’s law illustrates the principle of conservation of energy;
• Interpret the diagrammatic set up of a. C. Generators;
• Identify the types of transformer;
• Examine principles of operation of transformers;
• Assess the functions of an induction coil;
• Draw some conclusions from the principles of operation of an induction coil;
• Interpret the inductance of an inductor;
• Recognize units of inductance;
• Calculate the effective total inductance in series and parallel arrangement;
• Deduce the expression for the energy stored in an inductor;
• Examine the applications of inductors;
• Describe the method by which eddy current losses can be reduced.
• Determine ways by which eddy currents can be used.
36. Simple a. C. Circuits
Topics:
• Explanation of a.c. Current and voltage
• Peak and r.m.s. Values
• c. Source connected to a resistor;
• c source connected to a capacitor- capacitive reactance
• c source connected to an inductor inductive reactance
• Series r-l-c circuits
• Vector diagram, phase angle and power factor
• Resistance and impedance
• Effective voltage in an r-l-c circuits
• Resonance and resonance frequency f_o = 1/2π√lc
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify a.c. Current and d.c. Voltage
• Differentiate between the peak and r.m.s. Values of a.c.;
• Determine the phase difference between current and voltage
• Interpret series r-l-c circuits;
• Analyse vector diagrams;
• Calculate the effective voltage, reactance and impedance;
• Recognize the condition by which the circuit is at resonance;
• Determine the resonant frequency of r-l-c arrangement;
• Determine the instantaneous power, average power and the power factor in a. C. Circuits
37. Conduction of electricity through;
Topics:
(a) Liquids

• Electrolytes and non-electrolyte
• Concept of electrolysis
• Faraday’s laws of electrolysis
• Application of electrolysis, e.g electroplating, calibration of ammeter etc.
(b) Gases
Discharge through gases (qualitative treatment only)
Application of conduction of electricity through gases
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Distinguish between electrolytes and non-electrolytes;
• Analyse the processes of electrolysis
• Apply faraday’s laws of electrolysis to solve problems;
• Analyse discharge through gases;
• Determine some applications/uses of conduction of electricity through gases.
38. Elementary modern physics
Topics:
• Models of the atom and their limitations
• Elementary structure of the atom;
• Energy levels and spectra
• Thermionic and photoelectric emissions;
• Einstein’s equation and stopping potential
• Applications of thermionic emissions and photoelectric effects
• Simple method of production of x-rays
• Properties and applications of alpha, beta and gamma rays
• Half-life and decay constant
• Simple ideas of production of energy by fusion and fission
• Binding energy, mass defect and einstein’s energy equation [δe = δmc^2]
• Wave-particle paradox (duality of matter)
• Electron diffraction
• The uncertainty principle
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Identify the models of the atom and write their limitations;
• Describe elementary structure of the atom;
• Differentiate between the energy levels and spectra of atoms;
• Compare thermionic emission and photoelectric emission;
• Apply einstein’s equation to solve problems of photoelectric effect.
• Calculate the stopping potential;
• Relate some application of thermionic emission and photoelectric effects;
• Interpret the process involved in the production of x-rays.
• Identify some properties and applications of x-rays
• Analyse elementary radioactivity
• Distinguish between stable and unstable nuclei;
• Identify isotopes of an element;
• Compare the properties of alpha, beta and gamma rays;
• Relate half-life and decay constant of a radioactive element;
• Determine the binding energy, mass defect and einstein’s energy equation;
• Analyse wave particle duality;
• Solve some numerical problems based on the uncertainty principle and wave – particle duality
39. Introductory electronics
Topics:
• Distinction between metals, semiconductors and insulators (elementary knowledge of band gap is required)
• Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors;
• Uses of semiconductors and diodes in rectification and transistors in amplification
• N-type and p-type semiconductors
• Elementary knowledge of diodes and transistors
Objectives:
Candidates should be able to:
• Differentiate between conductors, semi- conductors and insulators;
• Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors;
• Distinguish between electron and hole carriers;
• Distinguish between n-type and p-type semiconductor;
• Analyse diodes and transistor
• Relate diodes to rectification and transistor to amplification.
Recommended texts
Ike e.e (2014) essential principles of physics, jos enic publishers
ike e.e (2014) numerical problems and solutions in physics, jos enic publishers
nelson m. (1977) fundamentals of physics, great britain, hart davis education
nelson m. And parker … (1989) advance level physics, (sixth edition) heinemann
okeke p.n and anyakoha m.w. (2000) senior secondary school physics, lagos, pacific printers
olumuyionwa a. And ogunkoya o. O (1992) comprehensive certificate physics.
Cc university of Ibadan press,plc

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